Essay Topics For Linguistics Course

Essay Topics For Linguistics CourseIf you have just finished a linguistics course and have decided to write an essay, one of the first topics you will want to consider is the topic area that you are going to focus on. Many students decide to write about their experiences in a particular country, a subject they have spent time in. However, if you are writing about a specific locale or culture, you will want to know about the grammatical rules for the language you are studying, as well as the literature that help inform your understanding of the culture.The basis for all linguistics is the study of spoken and written language. There are three main areas of inquiry - the physical characteristics of the language such as its structure, spelling, and grammar; its etymology, meaning, and relationship to other languages; and its patterns of communication. Many students are interested in linguistics in the areas of education, medicine, business, science, and information technology, for exampl e.Essay topics often focus on the grammar and syntax of the language, as well as how it is used in a particular context. In linguistics there are several different types of rules that must be considered when writing, such as the way the verb is formed, or the usage of pronouns, as well as the history of the language. The issue of vocabulary is also important, and many essays will involve additional research on such things as period and dialect words.One of the most challenging aspects of writing an essay about linguistics is deciding how to word the general concepts that you are discussing. You will find that the term 'linguistics' can be quite abstract, but this is a good thing! Once you learn how to properly use the term, it becomes easier to write in an interesting manner.Writing a linguistic essay can also take some time, especially if you are writing a case study of your experience or interest in linguistics. Some students find it helpful to write out their research from start to finish on paper and then email it to their professor so that he can show it to the class and discuss your findings.Finally, if you are interested in writing an essay about linguistics, you should consider including the resources available online. Books, journals, websites, and other resources can help you learn more about the language, and you may find that a number of excellent books are available. Some students use the internet to find online sites that offer different language tutorials.Finally, keep in mind that there are many different levels of research required to write an essay on linguistics. This means that if you are interested in a topic, you may need to spend a great deal of time researching to ensure that you fully understand the study. However, if you are determined to gain a deeper understanding of the topic, and are willing to spend the time, there is no reason why you cannot learn more about linguistics and how to write an essay about it.

Found in Translation - 756 Words

Case Study 4 Found in Translation XXXXXXXXX Principles of Management, EMG 3301 Professor Halams October 9, 2011 Closing Case: Found in Translation: How to Make the Multicultural Workforce Work 1 What role does the basic communication process in Figure 11.1 play in this case? Explain. The basic communication process is vital from the Figure 11.1 in this case. The definition of communication is â€Å"the interpersonal transfer of information and understand† as stated on page 300. This is monumental for the CEO Glynn Lloyd to do with 70 percent of his 65 employees being from different places like Trinidad, Brazil, Nigeria, the Dominican Republic, and Cage Verde (p. 326). He has†¦show more content†¦How comfortable would you be managing this type of multicultural organization? Explain. For me, I would not be comfortable with managing this type of multicultural organization. There are too many different languages and cultures to try to learn. I’m a person that requires immediate feedback, I would lose patients with getting a translator to encode, decode to the employees and wait to see if they understand what I need from them. I know that the future according to this case that â€Å"immigrants will account for nearly two-thirds of the country’s population growth between now and 2050† (p. 236), so in Closing Case: Found in Translation: How to Make the Multicultural Workforce Work 3 order for me to relevant and be active in my community I better find a way to adapt and learn other languages and understand different cultures. Closing Case: Found in Translation: How to Make the Multicultural Workforce Work 4 References Kreitner, R. (2009). International Management and Cross-Cultural competence. (11th ed.). Management. Mason, Ohio: South-Western CengageShow MoreRelatedHenrik Philips And William Carlos Williams1471 Words   |  6 Pages In the process of coming up with a final translation of Sappho’s Fragment 31, I wanted to strike a balance between remaining true to a literal translation of the poem, and my own poetic preferences. After completing what I thought to be a final translation, I decided I wanted to make it a sonnet, so what I ended up with is above. Turning this piece into a sonnet was one of my own stylistic choices that I worked very hard to incorporate, and was one of the many ideas and concepts that I juggled withRead MoreWhy Professional Revision Is Carried Out1494 Words   |  6 PagesSince there are very few empirical studies that deal with professional revision of translations, Rasmussen and Schjoldager initiated an empirical study in order to learn more about how an d why professional revision is carried out. The data are collected through a questionnaire survey and supplemented with an interview survey. A total of 24 Danish translation companies participated in the questionnaire survey from which five were later interviewed along with other eight in-house employees who reviseRead MoreWriting An Article On Wikipedia Essay956 Words   |  4 Pagesone can found on Wikipedia are in between conciseness and an exhaustive definition. For this essay I had to choose one Wikipedia page that was linked to what we studied in the past five weeks. I have decided to work on Roman Jakobson s page. There are several reasons why I opt for his page. First of all when we talked about him and theories in class, I thought I understood them. But it was not the case. So I decided to do some research about his work to try and master his theories. I found them reallyRead MoreA Quantitative Style Analysis About Different English Translations Of The Captains Daughter By Alexander Pushkin1176 Words   |  5 PagesProposal A Quantitative Style Analysis about Different English Translations of the Captain’s Daughter by Alexander Pushkin Data Set The data set includes three English translations of The Captain’s Daughter (Alexander Pushkin, 1836) from Ekaterina Telfer, T. Keane and Milne Home respectively. The translation of Milne Home is downloaded from Gutenberg which is an open access project that offers free eBooks to public. The other translations are from Wikisource which serves as an online digital libraryRead MoreCommentary On Linguistic Aspects Of Translation Essay1622 Words   |  7 PagesRoman Jakobson, in a seminal paper On Linguistic Aspects of Translation, classifies translation into three kinds. The first is intralingual translation (close to trot) which â€Å"is an interpretation of verbal signs by means of other signs of the same language;† the interlingual translation â€Å"is an interpretation of verbal signs by means of some other language† (Jakobson 145). The intersemiotic translation â€Å"is an interpretation of verbal signs by means of signs of nonverbal sign system† such as verbalRead MoreDefinition Of Translation Competence And An Intercultural Mediator862 Words   |  4 Pages1. Introduction In the last few decades, translation has become increasingly important assuming the role of an intercultural mediator. Still, many aspects surrounding the field of translation studies remain unclear and debatable. Such an aspect has to do with the conceptualization and further development of the theoretical and practical background which constitutes translators’ training. In this respect the notion of â€Å"translation competence† (TC) plays a prominent role. Therefore, several attemptsRead MoreThe Translator s Dilemma Of A Translator Essay1335 Words   |  6 Pagesanything in the order or wording, I shall seem to have departed from the function of a translator† (qtd. in Bassnett 43). Translation in the first place, is transference of meaning from the Source Language (SL) to the Target Language (TL). But what matters is not a translation of words from SL to TL, for exact equivalence of words of the former is hard to get in the latter. Translation is both linguistic and cultural activity and it is concerned with communication of meaning. It is not merely lexicalRead MoreThe Impact Of Mrna Modifications On Ribosomal Translation850 Words   |  4 PagesImpact of mRNA modifications on ribosomal translation The incorporation of a single nucleotide modification like m6A, m5C, á ´ ª or 2†²-O-methylated nucleotides in the coding regions of bacterial mRNA could either prematurely terminate protein synthesis or reduce the translation efficiency. These findings have escalated the interest in investigating the potential roles of mRNA modifications as the regulators of gene expression. SEE ARTICLE P. 852 DIMPLE CHAVAN Regulation of protein synthesis andRead MoreUse Of Primary And Secondary Sources1187 Words   |  5 Pageslist’s and love songs are but a minuscule, compared to the ample supply of translations that the author Andrea McDowell has implemented into this collection. Village Life in Ancient Egypt was published in 1999 by Oxford University Press, A well-known source of educational publications. McDowell uses a small variety, but by no means lacking in quantity, of primary and secondary sources, the majority of which consisted of translations from either unearthed ostraca, or the less common papyrus. This ReviewRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem Duel By Charles Baudelaire919 Words   |  4 PagesAmerican poets have attempted to translate his works. However, a translation titled Duel, interpreted by Keith Waldrop, is superior to other translations by Roy Campbell, William Aggeler, Jacques LeClerecq, Anthony Hecht, and Keith Waldrop. With the exception of the original Duellum, Keith Wa ldrop best emphasized major poetic devices in this poem including metaphors, apostrophe and similes. But most importantly, this translation is easy to read. Waldrop’s version of â€Å"Duellum† was not in the systematic

History of Caribbean Education - 1413 Words

THE COMMONWEALTH CARIBBEAN/BRITISH CARIBBEAN is the term applied to the English- speaking islands in the Carribbean and the mainland nations of Belize (formerly British Honduras) and Guyana (formerly British Guiana) that once constituted the Caribbean portion of the British Empire. This volume examines only the islands of the Commonwealth Caribbean, which are Jamaica, Trinidad and Tobago, the Windward Islands (Dominica, St. Lucia, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, and Grenada), Barbados, the Leeward Islands (Antigua and Barbuda, St. Christopher [hereafter, St. Kitts] and Nevis, the British Virgin Islands, Anguilla, and Montserrat), and the so-called Northern Islands (the Bahamas, the Cayman Islands, and the Turks and Caicos Islands).†¦show more content†¦Competing Protestant denominations--the Church of England, the Baptists, the Moravians, the Wesleyans, and the Presbyterians--and the Jesuits operated a vast system of elementary and secondary schools. At the end of the ninete enth century, the churches monopolized elementary education in Jamaica and Barbados and ran a majority of the primary schools in Trinidad, Grenada, and Antigua. The most outstanding secondary schools--St. Georges College, Kingston College, Jamaica College, Calabar High School, and the York Castle High School in Jamaica; Harrison College, Codrington College, the Lodge School, and the Queens College in Barbados; and Queens College, St. Marys, and Naparima in Trinidad--as well as the principal grammar schools in the Bahamas, Antigua, St. Kitts, and Grenada owe their origins to the religious denominations. Each territory had a board of education, which supervised both government and religious schools. Government assistance slowly increased until by the middle of the twentieth century the state eventually gained control over all forms of education. Although far from perfect--most colonies still spent more on prisons than on schools--public education fired the ambitions of the urban poor. Based on the British system--even to the use of British textbooks and examinations--the colonial Caribbean educational system was never modified to local circumstances. Nevertheless, it created a cadre of leaders throughout the regionShow MoreRelatedCARICOM ACHIEVEMENTS1541 Words   |  7 PagesForeign Affairs 4th Future Diplomats Essay Competition The Caribbean Community (CARICOM) is celebrating 40 years of integration in 2013. Discuss the achievements of CARICOM in light of the statement and make suggestions for future development. Kerri Mc Neil Happy fortieth anniversary to the Caribbean Community (CARICOM)! 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The colonization of Africa, the Caribbean, and Latin America were all controlled and executed by the Europeans. The slave trade and plantations were also under the power of whites. Even the emancipation of slaves, though the African-descended definitely contributed, was mostly shaped by and a result of decisionsRead MoreEssay on Sweetness and Power624 Words   |  3 PagesPlace of Sugar in Modern History Some of the most brilliant minds have made many unorthodox suggestions. This is the case with Sidney Mintzs thesis in Sweetness and Power: The Place of Modern History. Mintzs suggestions that industrial capitalism originated in the Caribbean sugar plantations may seem to contradict the European version of world history fed to most of the Western world, but is nevertheless supported by substantial evidence. 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Mintz’s suggestions that industrial capitalism originated in the Caribbean sugar plantations may seem to contradict the European version of world history fed to most of the Western world, but is nevertheless supported by substantial evidence. In general, Western education has conditioned studentsRead MoreEssay on Jamaica: History, Government, People, Religion1238 Words   |  5 PagesJamaica: History, Government, People, Religion   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jamaica is a tropical island, located in the heart of the Caribbean Sea. Around the coastlines are beautiful beaches with crystal clear blue-green water. In some respects, this is the majority of what people know about Jamaica. 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Effect of Different Colour Filters on Leaves and Plant Growth Essay

Question: Write an essay on "The Effect of Different Colour Filters on Leaves and Plant Growth". Answer: Abstract Photosynthesis is the basis of life on earths surface and how different light colours influence it is a matter of importance. This experiment is concerned with the effects of different light on the rate of photosynthesis and its effect on leaf plant growth. Leaves of a healthy plant were exposed to different coloured light and kept for seven days. The result showed different effects of diverse light colours on the process of photosynthesis. After white light, blue and red lights are efficient for conducting adequate photosynthesis. Yellow and green lights are least suitable for this process. Review of literature Autotrophs such as green plants capture free energy from environment through photosynthesis and chemosynthesis. The process of photosynthesis occurs in a series of enzyme-mediated pathways that uses sunlight and carbon-di-oxide to produce glucose (Zelitch 2012). Photosynthesis can be represented as a chemical equation: 6CO2+ 6H2O ------ C6H12O6+ 6O2 Sunlight energy There are five main factors that affect the rate of photosynthesis: light intensity, the colour of light, temperature, carbon di-oxide level and water. In this experiment the effects of different colour wavelengths were investigated. In nature plants often face fluctuations of light intensity and spectral quality which is essential to drive the processes of photosynthesis. Plants have many adaptations to cope with these light fluctuations (Hart 2012). Photosynthesis takes place in two stages known as the light reaction and dark reaction. The light harvesting antenna complex of photosystem II (LHCII) accumulates the maximum light energy. These complexes were found to play a central regulatory role by remarkably leading the magnitude of energy delivered to the reaction centres (Gutu et al. 2013). As light energy/photons reaches chlorophyll molecules, the light harvesting complex absorbs that energy by exciting electrons. These electrons move along an electron transport chain, eventually transferring their energy form of ATP and NADPH. ATP and NADPH act as highly charged energy carriers ready to provide energy to continue photosynthesisin thedark reactions. By utilising the energy of the ATP and NADPH, as well as some other special moleculesincluding CO2and H2O, carbohydrate (glucose)is formed as the final product (Blankenship 2013). The rate of photosynthesis always occurs more efficiently under white light. Red and blue light also have good photosynthetic rate (Lin et al. 2013). The process of photosynthesis gradually drops under yellow and green light respectively. While certain wavelengths are absorbed by the plants others are reflected. The main photosynthetic pigments chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b absorb all colours in visible light spectrum but green and thats why plants appear green. Sun gives off most of its energy as green wavelengths and it might seem inefficient that plants dont use the green spectrum. This is a protection strategy of plants. Chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b and other pigments easily destroyed by excessive light energy. When these pigments break down, they stop absorbing light and also DNA become damaged. So plants have adapted these absorption spectrums to maintain their needs by using least abundant light waves. In general, light absorbed in the blue region is used for plant developme nt and light absorbed in the red and far red regions are used for flowering or orienting (Hart 2012). Other accessory pigments like carotenoids also absorb light. Red and blue have the greatest impact on plant growth. Greenlightis least effective. Absorption in the spectral region between 500 nm to 600 nm is very low because green light is reflected by the plants. Bluelightis primarily responsible for vegetative leafgrowth. Red light combined with bluelight encourages flowering (Hart 2012 and Abidi et al. 2013). This topic was a very interesting way to know the systems of photosynthesis and the effects of different colour wavelengths on photosynthesis and plant growth. Different colour lights have different effects on this anabolic process. Knowing the factors affecting the most important metabolic process on earth is a vital understanding because green plants are termed producers because they yield their own food viaphotosynthesis. Humans and animals are consumers and all the food they ingest originates directly or indirectly from these plants. Hypothesis As discussed in the review of literature, exposing a plant in white light will result in fastest rate photosynthesis, followed by blue or red. The change in leaf colour and leaf health after seven days under different lights will show the effects of different light. To measure the rate of photosynthesis, counting oxygen produced during the reaction is required by arranging special set-ups. Materials Healthy and living green plants Containers and fertile potting soil Colour (blue, red, yellow, green, black and transparent) sheets Scissor Tapes Ruler Camera Water Sufficient sunny area to keep the plants Method Plants were potted in containers filled with good quality soil. Then placed in an open space under adequate sunlight. The filters were prepared by cutting the coloured sheets. They were cut according to the leaf sizes. Leaves were then covered with different coloured filters. Each colour had five replicas. Filters were secured properly so they do not fall away. Transparent filters were used as control sets. The plants were rotated daily basis and water was given twice a day. These processes were continued for seven days. The plants were observed every day for maintaining the plants health. After seven days the filters were removed and results noted. Result The results were collected after seven days and tabulated below: Filer colour Rate of photosynthesis Blue Comparatively high Red Moderate Yellow Much less Green Lesser in amount Black No photosynthesis Transparent (control) Highest The leaf under blue filter after seven days. The leaf under red filter after seven days. The leaf under yellow filter after seven days. The leaf under green filter after seven days. The leaf under black filter after seven days. The leaf under transparent filter (control set) after seven days. A graph was assumed from the result for showing overall the effects of various light colours in photosynthesis: Discussion This experiment was performed to determine the effects of different colour wavelength on photosynthesis and plant growth. The results found in this experiment shows diverse effects of different wavelengths on photosynthesis. The best result as found in case of the control set prepared by transparent sheet. The control leaf was very bright green and healthy. A better result was observed in case of blue lights. The leaf was fairly green and healthy. A moderate result was occurred under red filters. The leaf appeared moderate green in colour. Very reduced result noted for both yellow and green setup. The leaf of yellow setup appeared pale green in colour. Leaf of the green setup became yellowish in colour after seven days. These pale colouration of the leaves indicates significant reduction of photosynthetic process. Almost no photosynthesis occurred under the black filters because of light deficiency. Leaf was shrivelled and brownish and broke when the filters were removed. As described in the review of literature the rate of photosynthesis is always take place more efficiently under white light. That is why the leaf of the control set was green and healthy. After white light, blue light has highest photosynthetic rate. The leaf under blue filter was in a better health and green condition. Red light is also a good element of photosynthesis and the leaf appeared moderately green after seven days under red filter. The rate of photosynthesis steadily drops under yellow and green light. The leaf of yellow setup appeared pale green in colour because photosynthesis was very less and some yellow light was absorbed by the xanthophyll pigments. The leaf under green filter was yellowish due to lack of chlorophyll a chlorophyll b and photosynthesis rate was almost null. The leaf under black set was on a verge of dying due to lack of sunlight and considerable inhibition of photosynthesis. The major photosynthetic pigments chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b absorb all colours in visible light spectrum but green wavelength. Thus, greenlightis least effective. Other accessory pigments like carotenoids and xanthophyll absorb light waves of orange and yellow (Kastner et al. 2012). Thus, from this experiment and as stated by other authors it can be concluded that the rate of photosynthesis always takes place more efficiently under white light. If elements of white light is separated, blue and red lights are quite good for photosynthesis (Ruban 2014). Knowing these facts about light colours and their effects on photosynthesis can be useful in agriculture. The blue spectrum empowersphototropin and cryptochrome to facilitate many plant responses such as movement of the chloroplast, phototropic curvature, inhibition of growth elongation,stomatal opening and seedling growth regulation. The blue wavelengths boost vegetative growth through strong root growth and intense photosynthesis (Hart 2012). Thus, blue lights are often usedas a supplementarylight source for seedlings and undeveloped plants during their vegetative stage of the growthcycle. Blue lights provide a more tailored spectrum according to the plants being cultivated. (Lin et al. 2013 and Xu 2016). Red light affects photochromic reversibility and is the most vital event for photosynthesis, flowering and fruitingregulation. The red wavelength encourages the growth of stem, flowering and fruit and chlorophyll production. Tomato plants showed the most growth in the vegetative phase under red (670 nm) light.In the germination phase, irradiation of 680nm encouragedthe highest growth frequency (Suyanto et al. 2012 and Xu 2016). The blue and red lights are sometimes called the grow lights. Outdoor environments usually mimicked with various colours and spectral range from the grow light (Abidi et al. 2013). Depending on the type of crops being cultivated, the stage of cultivation (e.g. thegermination, vegetative phase, the flowering and fruiting phase), the requiredphotoperiod, definite arrays ofspectrum and time periodsare necessary for a particular plant. These light spectrums are used for horticulture,plant propagationandfoodproduction on an industrial level (Xu 2016). These lights are also important for photomorphogenesis (light-mediated development) where plant growth patterns respond to the light spectrum. The rate of photosynthesis is dependent upon photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) which defines the spectral range of radiation from 400 nm to 700 nmthat photosynthetic organisms are able to use during the course ofphotosynthesis (Lin et al. 2013).Agricultural plant product industries can increa se their productivity by manipulating PAR and combining essential light waves for better plant yield. References Abidi, F., Girault, T., Douillet, O., Guillemain, G., Sintes, G., Laffaire, M., Ahmed, H.B., Smiti, S., Huch-Thlier, L. and Leduc, N., 2013. Blue light effects on rose photosynthesis and photomorphogenesis.Plant Biology, 15(1), pp.67-74. Blankenship, R.E., 2013.Molecular mechanisms of photosynthesis. John Wiley Sons. Gutu, A., Nesbit, A.D., Alverson, A.J., Palmer, J.D. and Kehoe, D.M., 2013. Unique role for translation initiation factor 3 in the light color regulation of photosynthetic gene expression.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,110(40), pp.16253-16258. Hart, J.W., 2012.Light and plant growth(Vol. 1). Springer Science Business Media. Kastner, A., Jones, M., Mefford, A. and Richardson, T., 2014. Chlorophyll and Accessory Pigment Absorption of CO2 under Various Wavelengths of Light.Journal of Introductory Biology Investigations,1(3). Lin, K.H., Huang, M.Y., Huang, W.D., Hsu, M.H., Yang, Z.W. and Yang, C.M., 2013. The effects of red, blue, and white light-emitting diodes on the growth, development, and edible quality of hydroponically grown lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. capitata).Scientia Horticulturae,150, pp.86-91. Ruban, A.V., 2014. Evolution under the sun: optimizing light harvesting in photosynthesis.Journal of experimental botany, p.eru400. Suyanto, H., Rupiasih, N.N. and Handayani, D., 2012. Influence of Light Wavelengths on Growth of Tomato.Bumi Lestari,12(2). Xu, Y., 2016, May. Seven dimensions of light in regulating plant growth. In VIII International Symposium on Light in Horticulture 1134(pp. 445-452). Zelitch, I. ed., 2012.Photosynthesis, photorespiration, and plant productivity. Elsevier.