Fine arts Essay

An investigation directed has found the job of expressive arts for the improvement of understudies in grade school level of study. It centers around different issues that encompass the understudy at that degree of study. The frameworks utilized during the exchange of information, by and large improvement of the understudy both intellectually, genuinely and sincerely at that degree of study and the mentality the understudy has towards school at that level has been examined. The information that was gathered in a grade school has additionally been seen where it shows that the understudies who experience rudimentary degree of instruction in expressions segment are very much fit in the public arena when contrasted with the individuals who have not experienced. They are seen to posses’ higher confidence and are additionally profoundly energetic to accomplish in more elevated levels of learning. The guardians had the option to affirm the perceptions of their kids who have experienced the expressive arts training. The examination has likewise investigated the job of grade teachers and the difficulties they face in the presentation of their obligations. The investigation likewise investigated the limits the expressive arts can go to. It is seen that expressive arts has many related resources in the more significant levels of training (Evans, 2008). Acquaintance Art can't be seen with answer the inquiries that individuals face in their every day lives. It can just make us to be aware of the truth of the issues that we face throughout everyday life. Expressions commitment is seen in different territories which incorporate math, examination, subjective capacity, ownership of basic musings and relational abilities. The investigation of expressive arts is additionally observed to be significant in creating inspiration, mindfulness, self conviction and joint exertion. Expressive arts then again assume a significant job in getting rid of the hole that exists in youngsters in the public eye. Since expressions assumes an essential job in the lives of different people on the planet the propagators who are the workmanship instructors have a significant task to carry out in it. A portion of the significant things they do incorporate finding the Childs singular needs give guidance dependent on the need offer a favorable learning condition and help the kids as a rule information obtaining. They additionally have a significant job in displaying their understudies. The educators however they assume a basic job in the student’s capacity are confronted with different difficulties which go from individual to those brought about by other partners in the organization. Expressions have had the option to go to more prominent statures since most people have understood its significance. It has along these lines been made to be a piece of the school educational program, where it is incorporated with different subjects. Different features of the investigation of compelling artwork in training have been investigated. They run from protectionism innovation training and media expressions in instruction (Gist, 2007). Writing audit According to Abakanowicz Arts instruction assists with fathoming inconveniences looked by people. To him expressions are identified with practically everything that influence practically all countries on the planet. It ranges from achievement in scholastics, social and passionate development of the people, open duty and equivalent open doors throughout everyday life. The Rand Corporation in their 2005 report concerning showed expressions contends that natural delights and the spike of the workmanship expertise have such a significant number of impacts in an individual’s life. It has been said in the report that expressions bond individuals to the world and empower them to have different elements of taking a gander at things on the planet. By doing all that to a social individual it empowers harmony and serene concurrence in the general public. To them learning expressive arts in schools helps in diminishing the break that has added to abandoning a few kids in training areas (Shiner, 2003). As indicated by the 2007-08 AEP state strategy database, instruction plan has had the option to perceive the value of expressions in their day by day everyday exercises. About a large portion of the states in world have made workmanship instruction mandatory while the vast majority of them have set expressions training standards and others have set the essential necessities for secondary school graduation. The American demonstration set forward in 1994 recognized expressions to be made to be one of the subjects that all schools in the United States should instruct. As indicated by the examination did by Johns Hopkins in his Music exercises, it is seen that researchers would now be able to utilize imaging aptitude to monitor the cerebrum activity while the understudies play different instruments. He discovered that innovativeness run when a few zones of the cerebrum that control hang-up and self-control are closed. As indicated by Michael Posner of University of Oregon expressions of the human experience has a job in development of focus in a person. To him imaging know how is responsive to the point that it very well may have the option to recognize the cerebrum activity of understudies participating in two distinct exercises. The Academy of Fine Arts in Warsaw is a school that was built up essentially for the reasons for craftsmanship. It has had the option to run seven resources with specializations. It has had the option to make work for some experts. It is additionally leading different explores in various fields. They additionally offer different degree programs (Bresler, 2007). Discoveries Children from higher salary winning guardians are frequently presented to expressions whether the government funded schools offer or not. Those from poor foundations don't have that open door as their folks can't bear the cost of the expense of meeting the necessary costs. Expressions have along these lines helped the kids from poor foundations to have higher statures in play fields with the youngsters who have had the encounters before on. The classes in rudimentary level have various sizes and contain understudies with various blessings interests and wishes. An educator is in this way confronted with the issue of having the option to suit all the understudies. An educator needs to get various strategies for guidance so as to manage every single need of the understudy. By doing as well the person will have the option to keep and improve singular learning. Frequently the educator get gripes from the guardians concerning the presentation of their kids as they feel that the instructor is the main person who hold the way in to the child’s achievement. Most instructors in rudimentary level are each liable for a class of understudies and they train almost all subjects. They along these lines need to search for methods of guaranteeing accomplishment for each youngster. Some may in this way choose to show together or show different subjects at various levels. The instructors must be prepared to work with kids and to empower them to create accommodating self ideas in the kid and entire advancement through allowing them a chance to work focusing on their requirements and drawing in them in cooperation (Sargent, 2010). Participating in workmanship particularly music, support the ability of a person to amass in different exercises. Henceforth schools which don't offer workmanship as a feature of their educational program are neutralizing the standard of how learning happens. They should utilize workmanship as an instructive apparatus where things are incorporated to guarantee compelling learning, for instance in music utilization of melodic notes helps in exercises of divisions in arithmetic. Expressions ought to in this manner be joined to different subjects to guarantee its viability. The strain to expand the grades has been a test as it has prompted buildup of the time given to craftsmanship subjects. Expressions whenever thought about can make work for most experts while allowing kids a chance to take an interest in different fields of their inclinations. It additionally empowers individuals to increase new information as the experts in different resources constantly direct examination in their fields. The division of expressions in different colleges offers monetary help to understudies in different offices since understudies from performing expressions originates from the whole college. It likewise offers grants to permit individuals to get rid of individual contrasts brought by culture, training and individual capacity (Hurwitz and Day, 2006). Innovation training has ended up being the most recent rendition of what used to be professional instruction. It has been passed from one culture to the next and is profoundly positioned in the American culture. It supposedly prepares individuals for openings for work and to be beneficial in the public eye. Media expressions training then again centers around singular objectives of self articulation and inventiveness. This feature work legitimately with understudies in schools and different occasions educators. End Art training should begin with the conviction by all the members that workmanship is significant. An understudy ought to along these lines be given workmanship instruction at the basic level in order to have the option to build up their very own capacities, gifts and interests. Instructors gaining practical experience in grade school level ought to be given enough preparing to have the option to manage different kid contrasts . More exploration ought to likewise be done to delve further into the significance of expressions training in different people. References Bresler, L. (2007). Global handbook of examination in expressions training. New York: Springer Evans, B. L. (2008). The Limits of Art. London: Taylor and Francis Gist, S. (2007). Explaining the Teacher’s Problems. New York: READ BOOKS Hurwitz, A. , and Day, M. (2006). Kids and their craft: strategies for the primary school. eighth ed. New York: Cengage Learning Sargent, W. (2010). Fine and Industrial Arts in Elementary Schools. New York: General Books Shiner, L. (2003). The Invention of Art: A Cultural History. Chicogo: University of Chicago Press

Reign of Terror in Tale of Two Cities

Reign of Terror in Tale of Two Cities The Reign of Terror was a timeframe during the French Revolution when authorities would haphazardly execute individuals who were believed to be a danger to their arrangements. The Reign of Terror was ran by a gathering called the Council of Public Safety. The gathering managed France when it was experiencing a national crisis, for example, the French Revolution, and was viewed as a dictatorship.The Committee of Public Safety shaped on April 6, 1793 to save the change during the French Revolution. By September 6 of that year the gathering took its last structure. They had twelve individuals and their primary part was supposed to take care of business named Maximilien Robespierre.The gathering's prime target was to kill any individual who might hinder the progressives. Like in Tale of Two Cities, individuals that came into France were regularly however of as backstabbers and were executed immediately.The Wanderer is set during the Reign of Terror, ex...Also, the gathering attempted to frame a civilian army of the individuals in France that were tired of the privileged. They additionally needed to give food supplies to individuals and the armed forces.

Paths to Constitutionalism and essays

Ways to Constitutionalism and articles Ways to Constitutionalism and Absolutism- Britain and France in the Seventeenth Century Protected Crisis and Settlement in Stuart England: James I, a devotee to the awesome right of lords, neglected to comprehend the significance of Parliament in overseeing England. He disintegrated Parliament, attempting to run without it until Englands contribution in the Thirty Years War made it important to reconvene it. In any case, after Parliament passed the Great Protestation in 1621, James by and by broke down it. Charles I, constrained by wars, called for Parliament to cast a ballot reserves, which it would not do until he marked the Petition of Right in 1628. In 1642, Parliament held onto control of the Army. This began the English Civil War (1642-1649). The white collar class individuals were the Roundheads and the Anglican ministry and honorability and laborers who upheld the ruler were Royalists or Cavaliers. The Roundheads aligned with Presbyterian Scotland; the lord approached Irish Catholics for help. Oliver Cromwell, a Puritan chief of Parliament, drove his New Model Army of Puritans against the Cavaliers and vanquishe d them. Charles gave up to the Scots, who surrendered him to Parliament, however then turned about and aligned with him. Cromwell vanquished the Scots at the Battle of Preston, and disposed of the Presbyt. in Parliament...Parliament at that point casted a ballot to guillotine Charles. Cromwell managed until he passed on in 1658. Richard was ousted in 1660 and Charles II was declared ing. The Tory and Whig parties create. Tories are generally nobles and traditionalists that help government over parliament. Whigs are for the most part working class and Puritan and favor parliament and strict toleration. The Glorious Revolution: James II was disliked the second he took the honored position. In 1688, significant nobles welcomed William of Orange and Mary to take the English royal position. James fled to banish in France. The new rulers acknowledged the Declaration of Rights from parliament. The Glorious Revolution inc... <!

Essay Topics For Linguistics Course

Essay Topics For Linguistics CourseIf you have just finished a linguistics course and have decided to write an essay, one of the first topics you will want to consider is the topic area that you are going to focus on. Many students decide to write about their experiences in a particular country, a subject they have spent time in. However, if you are writing about a specific locale or culture, you will want to know about the grammatical rules for the language you are studying, as well as the literature that help inform your understanding of the culture.The basis for all linguistics is the study of spoken and written language. There are three main areas of inquiry - the physical characteristics of the language such as its structure, spelling, and grammar; its etymology, meaning, and relationship to other languages; and its patterns of communication. Many students are interested in linguistics in the areas of education, medicine, business, science, and information technology, for exampl e.Essay topics often focus on the grammar and syntax of the language, as well as how it is used in a particular context. In linguistics there are several different types of rules that must be considered when writing, such as the way the verb is formed, or the usage of pronouns, as well as the history of the language. The issue of vocabulary is also important, and many essays will involve additional research on such things as period and dialect words.One of the most challenging aspects of writing an essay about linguistics is deciding how to word the general concepts that you are discussing. You will find that the term 'linguistics' can be quite abstract, but this is a good thing! Once you learn how to properly use the term, it becomes easier to write in an interesting manner.Writing a linguistic essay can also take some time, especially if you are writing a case study of your experience or interest in linguistics. Some students find it helpful to write out their research from start to finish on paper and then email it to their professor so that he can show it to the class and discuss your findings.Finally, if you are interested in writing an essay about linguistics, you should consider including the resources available online. Books, journals, websites, and other resources can help you learn more about the language, and you may find that a number of excellent books are available. Some students use the internet to find online sites that offer different language tutorials.Finally, keep in mind that there are many different levels of research required to write an essay on linguistics. This means that if you are interested in a topic, you may need to spend a great deal of time researching to ensure that you fully understand the study. However, if you are determined to gain a deeper understanding of the topic, and are willing to spend the time, there is no reason why you cannot learn more about linguistics and how to write an essay about it.

Found in Translation - 756 Words

Case Study 4 Found in Translation XXXXXXXXX Principles of Management, EMG 3301 Professor Halams October 9, 2011 Closing Case: Found in Translation: How to Make the Multicultural Workforce Work 1 What role does the basic communication process in Figure 11.1 play in this case? Explain. The basic communication process is vital from the Figure 11.1 in this case. The definition of communication is â€Å"the interpersonal transfer of information and understand† as stated on page 300. This is monumental for the CEO Glynn Lloyd to do with 70 percent of his 65 employees being from different places like Trinidad, Brazil, Nigeria, the Dominican Republic, and Cage Verde (p. 326). He has†¦show more content†¦How comfortable would you be managing this type of multicultural organization? Explain. For me, I would not be comfortable with managing this type of multicultural organization. There are too many different languages and cultures to try to learn. I’m a person that requires immediate feedback, I would lose patients with getting a translator to encode, decode to the employees and wait to see if they understand what I need from them. I know that the future according to this case that â€Å"immigrants will account for nearly two-thirds of the country’s population growth between now and 2050† (p. 236), so in Closing Case: Found in Translation: How to Make the Multicultural Workforce Work 3 order for me to relevant and be active in my community I better find a way to adapt and learn other languages and understand different cultures. Closing Case: Found in Translation: How to Make the Multicultural Workforce Work 4 References Kreitner, R. (2009). International Management and Cross-Cultural competence. (11th ed.). Management. Mason, Ohio: South-Western CengageShow MoreRelatedHenrik Philips And William Carlos Williams1471 Words   |  6 Pages In the process of coming up with a final translation of Sappho’s Fragment 31, I wanted to strike a balance between remaining true to a literal translation of the poem, and my own poetic preferences. After completing what I thought to be a final translation, I decided I wanted to make it a sonnet, so what I ended up with is above. Turning this piece into a sonnet was one of my own stylistic choices that I worked very hard to incorporate, and was one of the many ideas and concepts that I juggled withRead MoreWhy Professional Revision Is Carried Out1494 Words   |  6 PagesSince there are very few empirical studies that deal with professional revision of translations, Rasmussen and Schjoldager initiated an empirical study in order to learn more about how an d why professional revision is carried out. 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History of Caribbean Education - 1413 Words

THE COMMONWEALTH CARIBBEAN/BRITISH CARIBBEAN is the term applied to the English- speaking islands in the Carribbean and the mainland nations of Belize (formerly British Honduras) and Guyana (formerly British Guiana) that once constituted the Caribbean portion of the British Empire. This volume examines only the islands of the Commonwealth Caribbean, which are Jamaica, Trinidad and Tobago, the Windward Islands (Dominica, St. Lucia, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, and Grenada), Barbados, the Leeward Islands (Antigua and Barbuda, St. Christopher [hereafter, St. Kitts] and Nevis, the British Virgin Islands, Anguilla, and Montserrat), and the so-called Northern Islands (the Bahamas, the Cayman Islands, and the Turks and Caicos Islands).†¦show more content†¦Competing Protestant denominations--the Church of England, the Baptists, the Moravians, the Wesleyans, and the Presbyterians--and the Jesuits operated a vast system of elementary and secondary schools. 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Effect of Different Colour Filters on Leaves and Plant Growth Essay

Question: Write an essay on "The Effect of Different Colour Filters on Leaves and Plant Growth". Answer: Abstract Photosynthesis is the basis of life on earths surface and how different light colours influence it is a matter of importance. This experiment is concerned with the effects of different light on the rate of photosynthesis and its effect on leaf plant growth. Leaves of a healthy plant were exposed to different coloured light and kept for seven days. The result showed different effects of diverse light colours on the process of photosynthesis. After white light, blue and red lights are efficient for conducting adequate photosynthesis. Yellow and green lights are least suitable for this process. Review of literature Autotrophs such as green plants capture free energy from environment through photosynthesis and chemosynthesis. The process of photosynthesis occurs in a series of enzyme-mediated pathways that uses sunlight and carbon-di-oxide to produce glucose (Zelitch 2012). Photosynthesis can be represented as a chemical equation: 6CO2+ 6H2O ------ C6H12O6+ 6O2 Sunlight energy There are five main factors that affect the rate of photosynthesis: light intensity, the colour of light, temperature, carbon di-oxide level and water. In this experiment the effects of different colour wavelengths were investigated. In nature plants often face fluctuations of light intensity and spectral quality which is essential to drive the processes of photosynthesis. Plants have many adaptations to cope with these light fluctuations (Hart 2012). Photosynthesis takes place in two stages known as the light reaction and dark reaction. The light harvesting antenna complex of photosystem II (LHCII) accumulates the maximum light energy. These complexes were found to play a central regulatory role by remarkably leading the magnitude of energy delivered to the reaction centres (Gutu et al. 2013). As light energy/photons reaches chlorophyll molecules, the light harvesting complex absorbs that energy by exciting electrons. These electrons move along an electron transport chain, eventually transferring their energy form of ATP and NADPH. ATP and NADPH act as highly charged energy carriers ready to provide energy to continue photosynthesisin thedark reactions. By utilising the energy of the ATP and NADPH, as well as some other special moleculesincluding CO2and H2O, carbohydrate (glucose)is formed as the final product (Blankenship 2013). The rate of photosynthesis always occurs more efficiently under white light. Red and blue light also have good photosynthetic rate (Lin et al. 2013). The process of photosynthesis gradually drops under yellow and green light respectively. While certain wavelengths are absorbed by the plants others are reflected. The main photosynthetic pigments chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b absorb all colours in visible light spectrum but green and thats why plants appear green. Sun gives off most of its energy as green wavelengths and it might seem inefficient that plants dont use the green spectrum. This is a protection strategy of plants. Chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b and other pigments easily destroyed by excessive light energy. When these pigments break down, they stop absorbing light and also DNA become damaged. So plants have adapted these absorption spectrums to maintain their needs by using least abundant light waves. In general, light absorbed in the blue region is used for plant developme nt and light absorbed in the red and far red regions are used for flowering or orienting (Hart 2012). Other accessory pigments like carotenoids also absorb light. Red and blue have the greatest impact on plant growth. Greenlightis least effective. Absorption in the spectral region between 500 nm to 600 nm is very low because green light is reflected by the plants. Bluelightis primarily responsible for vegetative leafgrowth. Red light combined with bluelight encourages flowering (Hart 2012 and Abidi et al. 2013). This topic was a very interesting way to know the systems of photosynthesis and the effects of different colour wavelengths on photosynthesis and plant growth. Different colour lights have different effects on this anabolic process. Knowing the factors affecting the most important metabolic process on earth is a vital understanding because green plants are termed producers because they yield their own food viaphotosynthesis. Humans and animals are consumers and all the food they ingest originates directly or indirectly from these plants. Hypothesis As discussed in the review of literature, exposing a plant in white light will result in fastest rate photosynthesis, followed by blue or red. The change in leaf colour and leaf health after seven days under different lights will show the effects of different light. To measure the rate of photosynthesis, counting oxygen produced during the reaction is required by arranging special set-ups. Materials Healthy and living green plants Containers and fertile potting soil Colour (blue, red, yellow, green, black and transparent) sheets Scissor Tapes Ruler Camera Water Sufficient sunny area to keep the plants Method Plants were potted in containers filled with good quality soil. Then placed in an open space under adequate sunlight. The filters were prepared by cutting the coloured sheets. They were cut according to the leaf sizes. Leaves were then covered with different coloured filters. Each colour had five replicas. Filters were secured properly so they do not fall away. Transparent filters were used as control sets. The plants were rotated daily basis and water was given twice a day. These processes were continued for seven days. The plants were observed every day for maintaining the plants health. After seven days the filters were removed and results noted. Result The results were collected after seven days and tabulated below: Filer colour Rate of photosynthesis Blue Comparatively high Red Moderate Yellow Much less Green Lesser in amount Black No photosynthesis Transparent (control) Highest The leaf under blue filter after seven days. The leaf under red filter after seven days. The leaf under yellow filter after seven days. The leaf under green filter after seven days. The leaf under black filter after seven days. The leaf under transparent filter (control set) after seven days. A graph was assumed from the result for showing overall the effects of various light colours in photosynthesis: Discussion This experiment was performed to determine the effects of different colour wavelength on photosynthesis and plant growth. The results found in this experiment shows diverse effects of different wavelengths on photosynthesis. The best result as found in case of the control set prepared by transparent sheet. The control leaf was very bright green and healthy. A better result was observed in case of blue lights. The leaf was fairly green and healthy. A moderate result was occurred under red filters. The leaf appeared moderate green in colour. Very reduced result noted for both yellow and green setup. The leaf of yellow setup appeared pale green in colour. Leaf of the green setup became yellowish in colour after seven days. These pale colouration of the leaves indicates significant reduction of photosynthetic process. Almost no photosynthesis occurred under the black filters because of light deficiency. Leaf was shrivelled and brownish and broke when the filters were removed. As described in the review of literature the rate of photosynthesis is always take place more efficiently under white light. That is why the leaf of the control set was green and healthy. After white light, blue light has highest photosynthetic rate. The leaf under blue filter was in a better health and green condition. Red light is also a good element of photosynthesis and the leaf appeared moderately green after seven days under red filter. The rate of photosynthesis steadily drops under yellow and green light. The leaf of yellow setup appeared pale green in colour because photosynthesis was very less and some yellow light was absorbed by the xanthophyll pigments. The leaf under green filter was yellowish due to lack of chlorophyll a chlorophyll b and photosynthesis rate was almost null. The leaf under black set was on a verge of dying due to lack of sunlight and considerable inhibition of photosynthesis. The major photosynthetic pigments chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b absorb all colours in visible light spectrum but green wavelength. Thus, greenlightis least effective. Other accessory pigments like carotenoids and xanthophyll absorb light waves of orange and yellow (Kastner et al. 2012). Thus, from this experiment and as stated by other authors it can be concluded that the rate of photosynthesis always takes place more efficiently under white light. If elements of white light is separated, blue and red lights are quite good for photosynthesis (Ruban 2014). Knowing these facts about light colours and their effects on photosynthesis can be useful in agriculture. The blue spectrum empowersphototropin and cryptochrome to facilitate many plant responses such as movement of the chloroplast, phototropic curvature, inhibition of growth elongation,stomatal opening and seedling growth regulation. The blue wavelengths boost vegetative growth through strong root growth and intense photosynthesis (Hart 2012). Thus, blue lights are often usedas a supplementarylight source for seedlings and undeveloped plants during their vegetative stage of the growthcycle. Blue lights provide a more tailored spectrum according to the plants being cultivated. (Lin et al. 2013 and Xu 2016). Red light affects photochromic reversibility and is the most vital event for photosynthesis, flowering and fruitingregulation. The red wavelength encourages the growth of stem, flowering and fruit and chlorophyll production. Tomato plants showed the most growth in the vegetative phase under red (670 nm) light.In the germination phase, irradiation of 680nm encouragedthe highest growth frequency (Suyanto et al. 2012 and Xu 2016). The blue and red lights are sometimes called the grow lights. Outdoor environments usually mimicked with various colours and spectral range from the grow light (Abidi et al. 2013). Depending on the type of crops being cultivated, the stage of cultivation (e.g. thegermination, vegetative phase, the flowering and fruiting phase), the requiredphotoperiod, definite arrays ofspectrum and time periodsare necessary for a particular plant. These light spectrums are used for horticulture,plant propagationandfoodproduction on an industrial level (Xu 2016). These lights are also important for photomorphogenesis (light-mediated development) where plant growth patterns respond to the light spectrum. The rate of photosynthesis is dependent upon photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) which defines the spectral range of radiation from 400 nm to 700 nmthat photosynthetic organisms are able to use during the course ofphotosynthesis (Lin et al. 2013).Agricultural plant product industries can increa se their productivity by manipulating PAR and combining essential light waves for better plant yield. References Abidi, F., Girault, T., Douillet, O., Guillemain, G., Sintes, G., Laffaire, M., Ahmed, H.B., Smiti, S., Huch-Thlier, L. and Leduc, N., 2013. Blue light effects on rose photosynthesis and photomorphogenesis.Plant Biology, 15(1), pp.67-74. Blankenship, R.E., 2013.Molecular mechanisms of photosynthesis. John Wiley Sons. Gutu, A., Nesbit, A.D., Alverson, A.J., Palmer, J.D. and Kehoe, D.M., 2013. Unique role for translation initiation factor 3 in the light color regulation of photosynthetic gene expression.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,110(40), pp.16253-16258. Hart, J.W., 2012.Light and plant growth(Vol. 1). Springer Science Business Media. Kastner, A., Jones, M., Mefford, A. and Richardson, T., 2014. Chlorophyll and Accessory Pigment Absorption of CO2 under Various Wavelengths of Light.Journal of Introductory Biology Investigations,1(3). Lin, K.H., Huang, M.Y., Huang, W.D., Hsu, M.H., Yang, Z.W. and Yang, C.M., 2013. The effects of red, blue, and white light-emitting diodes on the growth, development, and edible quality of hydroponically grown lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. capitata).Scientia Horticulturae,150, pp.86-91. Ruban, A.V., 2014. Evolution under the sun: optimizing light harvesting in photosynthesis.Journal of experimental botany, p.eru400. Suyanto, H., Rupiasih, N.N. and Handayani, D., 2012. Influence of Light Wavelengths on Growth of Tomato.Bumi Lestari,12(2). Xu, Y., 2016, May. Seven dimensions of light in regulating plant growth. In VIII International Symposium on Light in Horticulture 1134(pp. 445-452). Zelitch, I. ed., 2012.Photosynthesis, photorespiration, and plant productivity. Elsevier.

Kurt Vonnegut A Canary In A Coal Mine Essays -

Kurt Vonnegut: A Canary in a Coal Mine Kurt Vonnegut Served as a sensitive cell in the organism of American Society during the 1960's. His work alerted the public about the absurdity of modern warfare and an increasingly mechanized and impersonal society in which humans were essentially worthless and degenerated. The satirical tone and sardonic humor allowed people to read his works and laugh at their own misfortune. Vonnegut was born on November 11, 1922, in Indianapolis, where he was reared. His father was an architect, as his grandfather had been. Though the family's fortune was eroded during the Depression-his father went without an architectural commission from 1929 to 1940-they were well-to-do. Kurt attended Shortridge High School, where he was the editor of the nations oldest daily high school paper, the Echo. (((high school quote))) Vonnegut was expected to become a scientist, and when he went to Cornell in 1940, he chose, at the urging of his father, to major in chemistry. (((college quote))) "Chemistry was everything then," he said. "It was a magic word in the thirties. The Germans, of course, had chemistry, and they were going to take apart the universe and put it together again. At Cornell, he was the managing editor and columnist for its daily paper, the Sun. Among . Among ng and put it together again. At Cornell, he was the managing editor and columnist for its daily paper, the Sun. Among . Among ng and put it together again. At Cornell, he was the managing editor and columnist for its daily paper, the Sun. Among . Among ng and put it together again. At Cornell, he was the managing editor and columnist for its daily paper, the Sun. Among . Among ng and put it together again. At Cornell, he was the managing editor and columnist for its daily paper, the Sun. Among interned as a prisoner of war i! n Dresden, Germany. It was here that he experienced what would later become the basis for one of his best-selling novels, Slaughterhouse-Five. "(Dresden) was the first fancy city I'd ever seen. Then a siren went off-it was February 13, 1945-and we went down two stories under the pavement into a big meat locker. It was cool there, with (animal) cadavers hanging all around. When we came up the city was gone." This experience, or rather, disaster, was the Allied firebombing of Dresden in which over 130,000 people, mostly citizens, died for no apparent reason. Despite the horror of the incident, he maintains that the experience did not change his way of thinking, but rather gave him another viewpoint from which to observe the absurdity and cruelty of the human race. "The importance of Dresden in my life has been considerably exaggerated because my book about it became a best seller." (p. 94 CWV) Vonnegut returned to the United States determined tp be a writer, and to deal with the experience of Dresden, though it was nearly 25 years before he was able to do so. In May of 1945 he married Jane Marie Cox. His first book, Player Piano, was published in 1952. It is an account of life in the future in a town called Ilium, NY, modeled on Schenectady, where Vonnegut, in his late 20's, worked as a public relations man for General Electric. The world that Player Piano envisions is run by computers, an idea which he came across while working at General Electric. Only those who can compete economically with the computers-those whose IQ qualifies them as managers or whose trades are not yet automated-are in any way free. Vonnegut was extremely opposed to this type of mechanization, which he saw as threatening and degrading to the dignity of the common man, and therefore, the human race as a whole. The novel's hero, Paul Proteus, proclaims, "I deny that there is any natural or div! ine law requiring that machines, efficiency, and organization should forever increase in scope, power and complexity..." Doing the book was enough to liberate Vonnegut from his job at G.E., a job that he truly despised. He quit and moved to Cape Cod in 1950. Player Piano sold just 3,500 copies, so for the next few years he was forced

Crescents - North American Chipped Stone Tool Type

Crescents - North American Chipped Stone Tool Type Crescents (sometimes called lunates) are moon-shaped chipped stone objects which are found fairly rarely on Terminal Pleistocene and Early Holocene (roughly equivalent to Preclovis and Paleoindian) sites in the Western United States. Typically, crescents are chipped from cryptocrystalline quartz (including chalcedony, agate, chert, flint and jasper), although there are examples from obsidian, basalt and schist. They are symmetrical and carefully pressure flaked on both sides; typically the wing tips are pointed and the edges are ground smooth. Others, called eccentrics, maintain the overall lunate shape and careful manufacture, but have added decorative frills. Identifying Crescents Crescents were first described in a 1966 article in American Antiquity by Lewis Tadlock, who defined them as artifacts recovered from Early Archaic (what Tadlock called Proto-Archaic) through Paleoindian sites in the Great Basin, the Columbia Plateau and the Channel Islands of California. For his study, Tadlock measured 121 crescents from 26 sites in California, Nevada, Utah, Idaho, Oregon, and Washington. He explicitly associated crescents with big game hunting and gathering lifestyles between 7,000 and 9,000 years ago, and perhaps earlier. He pointed out that the flaking technique and raw material choice of crescents are most similar to Folsom, Clovis and possibly Scottsbluff projectile points. Tadlock listed the earliest crescents as having been used within the Great Basin, he believed they spread out from there. Tadlock was the first to begin a typology of crescents, although the categories have been much extended since then, and today include eccentric forms. More recent studies have increased the date of crescents, placing them firmly within Paleoindian period. Apart from that, Tadlocks careful consideration of the size, shape, style and context of crescents has held up after more than forty years. What are Crescents for? No consensus has been reached among scholars for the purpose of crescents. Suggested functions for crescents include their use as butchering tools, amulets, portable art, surgical instruments, and transverse points for hunting birds. Erlandson and Braje have argued that the most likely interpretation is as transverse projectile points, with the curved edge hafted to point frontwards. In 2013, Moss and Erlandson pointed out that lunates are frequently found in wetland environments, and use that as support for lunates as having been used with waterfowl procurement, in particular. large anatids such as tundra swan, greater white-fronted goose, snow goose and Rosss goose. They speculate that the reason lunates stopped being used in the Great Basin after about 8,000 years ago has to do with the fact that climate change forced the birds out of the region. Crescents have been recovered from many sites, including Danger Cave (Utah), Paisley Cave #1 (Oregon), Karlo, Owens Lake, Panamint Lake (California), Lind Coulee (Washington), Dean, Fenn Cache (Idaho), Daisy Cave, Cardwell Bluffs, San Nicolas (Channel Islands). Sources This glossary entry is a part of the About.com guide to Stone Tools, and the Dictionary of Archaeology. Beck C, and Jones GT. 2010. Clovis and Western Stemmed: Population Migration and the Meeting of Two Technologies in the Intermountain West. American Antiquity 75:81-90.Davis TW, Erlandson JM, Fenenga GL, and Hamm K. 2010. Chipped stone crescents and the antiquity of maritime settlement on San Nicolas Island, Alta California. California Archaeology 2(2):185-202.Erlandson JM, and Braje TJ. 2008. Five crescents from Cardwell: Context and chronology of chipped stone crescents at CA-SMI-679, San Miguel Island, California. Pacific Coast Archaeological Society Quarterly 40:35-45.Erlandson JM, and Jew N. 2009. An Early Maritime Biface Technology at Daisy Cave, San Miguel Island, California: Reflections on Sample Size, Site Function, and Other Issues. North American Archaeologist 30(2):145-165.Erlandson JM, Rick TC, Braje TJ, Casperson M, Culleton B, Fulfrost B, Garcia T, Guthrie DA, Jew N, Kennett DJ et al. 2011. Paleoindian Seafaring, Maritime Technologies, and Coastal Foraging on Californi a’s Channel Islands. Science 331(4):1181-1185. Moss ML, and Erlandson JM. 2013. Waterfowl and Lunate Crescents in Western North America: The Archaeology of the Pacific Flyway. Journal of World Prehistory 26(3):173-211. doi: 10.1007/s10963-013-9066-5Tadlock WL. 1966. Certain Crescentic Stone Objects as a Time Marker in the Western United States. American Antiquity 31(5):662-675.Walker DN, Bies MT, Surovell TA, and Frison GC. 2010. Paleoindian Portable Art from Wyoming, USA. IFRAO Pleistocene Art of the World. Arià ¨ge - Pyrà ©nà ©es, France. p 1-15.

Project Planning- Human Capital Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Project Planning- Human Capital - Essay Example If communication is not done properly, a project’s failure is unavoidable (Sheryl R.). One of the most vital tasks of a project manager is to communicate the performance evaluation of the project to its employees and the customer. Communication of performance evaluation is very important for the success and future growth of a business but it may be met with some level of resistance and unlikely situations. A project manager needs to well plan the communication before he starts a performance evaluation. He should make a status report on the progress of the project; rate each employee’s performance on a prescribed scale and a review of the customer’s satisfaction. He can either organize a question- hour session, a group forum, or a one-on-one discussion session (projectsmart.co.uk). In case of a wedding project, the manager does the performance evaluation on the basis of the services rendered to the customer; meeting the wedding budget limit, customer satisfaction, management of sources, quality of the service, time management, customer experience, efficiency and performance of the employees, their behavior with the guests and the overall wedding quality (Wedding project management).

Gun control Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Gun control - Essay Example As the Second Amendment of the US Constitution states, â€Å"A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed.† (Gardner and Anderson, 232) Therefore, the constitution itself gives the citizens the right to own and carry firearms with them. The size and effectiveness of the weapon must have caused for its spread in the land. The excessive use of gun is a developing tendency among the people in America. The easy availability of gun in America, at present, causes for the increasing homicides, suicides, and other violence and crime in this state. This has led many to think on the gun control policies in America. But still a hot debate on gun rights and gun control is going on in the country. This essay tries to make a study on the disasters that happened in the society by the gun use and further, a research is done on the need for controlling the use of guns by the civilians. The thesi s statement is, ‘The increasing disasters in the American Society caused by gun-use and the need for gun control’. It is very clear that there are a number of problems that are arising day by day by the use of guns. Still it can be seen the government is reluctant to ban the use of guns, and it makes a person puzzled. The history of private ownership of guns in America stresses the need for guns. Both sides of gun control and gun rights are strong in America. The increasing mass killing at various schools and colleges using guns lead government to make new amendments in the constitution in order to control the use of guns by the civilians. Background and Historical Material /Definitions (Literature Review): America is considered to be the strongest nation in the world. It may be the only nation that has not made any control for the private use of guns. Gun was a need for every Americans to defend themselves from the natives of the land. â€Å"Despite their firearms, th e survival of the English colonies often appears highly improbable.† Further the possession of firearms by the settlers enabled â€Å"to arm their enemies with theoretically advanced European weaponry.† (Bellesiles, 112) After the threats were over by the natives in America gun was a mandatory to protect their land. The American government envisaged the need for private ownership of firearms by the civilians. This has led the possession of guns as a constitutional right for the people. It is very easy to purchase a gun in America. The Office of the Attorney General in California gives the procedure to possess a gun in the State as a simple procedure. The person must be 18 years of age to buy a rifle or shotgun. To buy a handgun a person must be 21 years of age and he or she should ‘possess an HSC plus successfully complete a safety demonstration with the handgun being purchased or should qualify for an HSC exemption.’ (Frequently Asked Questions) The spread of guns in America turned from self defense to mass destruction. If an analysis is done, it can be understood that ever since from the widespread of this deadly weapon, many causalities are being occurred day by day in America. The incident that happened in the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, on April 16, 2007 showed the ferocious face of it. A student named Seung- Hui Cho murdered 32 people and attempted to murder 29

Police Corruption Essay Example for Free

Police Corruption Essay This paper intends to reintroduce â€Å"police corruption† by defining it, briefly mentioning real-life examples, discussing its types and levels, stating that there is also ‘right corruption’, restating its causes and effects, as well as, how this dilemma may be addressed. Police Corruption Defined â€Å"Acts involving the misuse of authority by a police officer in a manner designed to produce personal gain for himself or others† is the technical definition of â€Å"police corruption† (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 296). In addition to that it is said that the act of â€Å"police corruption occurs when a police officer accepts money, goods, or services for actions they are sworn to do anyway or when they accept anything for ignoring actions they are sworn to invoke legal procedures against† (Ivkovic, 2005, pp. 15 32). Real-Life Examples of Police Corruption There are several true-to-life incidents with regards to â€Å"police corruption†; take for instance the following: During the 80s there were seventy five police officers in Miami who were charged for â€Å"police corruption† (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 297). There were some who were arrested because of â€Å"drug dealing† (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 297). In New York City, almost the same incident occurred in 1992 since there were six police officers who bought drugs in their â€Å"inner city precincts and selling it in the suburban communities† where they dwell in (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 297). During the same year, a police chief was convicted of illegally taking $2,600,000.00 from their department (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 298). Then in 1996, there were three police officers in Detroit who were involved in a â€Å"Texas-to-Michigan cocaine smuggling ring† (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 297). During the same year, there were six police officers in Illinois accepted money in exchange of allowing twenty drug dealers do business in their area (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 297). In addition to that, a police director was sent to prison for â€Å"malfeasance, mail wire fraud, tax fraud, accepting gifts, making false statements, and forging documents† (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 298). Corruption Types There are several types of â€Å"police corruption† and these are the following: First is technically referred to as â€Å"taking gratuities† which is defined as accepting tips in petty amounts or price cut on products bought (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 298). Accepting tips is not usually illegal, however, if the police officer accepts such and will grant the request of a person that he carries out something negative then the police officer should be charged for it (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 298). Second is known as â€Å"taking bribes† which is defined technically as accepting money with the purpose of undermining the objectives of the â€Å"criminal justice system† (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 298). Third is â€Å"theft/burglary† or stealing of money or property while carrying out their responsibilities (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 298). â€Å"Theft/burglary† is considered another type of â€Å"police corruption† because there are many ways of doing so (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 298). For instance, since police can have access to â€Å"warehouses and store†, they can easily rob these themselves if they are tempted to (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 298). The last is known as â€Å"internal corruption† (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 298). It is defined as â€Å"paying colleagues or other people in the police department in exchange for special assignments or promotions† (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 299). There are other uncategorized types of â€Å"police corruption† including the following: 1) accepting free meals; 2) accepting discounted products/services; 3) taking advantage of other people who are weak/helpless; 4) taking from establishments which are not highly protected; 5) asking for money in exchange for protecting activities which are illegal; 6) taking money in exchange of fixing cases; as well as, 7) planning to steal or rob an institution like a bank or a convenience store   (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 299). Levels of Corruption Interestingly, there are â€Å"levels of corruption† as well and these are the following: It begins with the first level which is known as â€Å"rotten apples and rotten pockets† (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 299). Here, only one police officer is involved in an act of corruption (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 299). The next level of corruption is called â€Å"pervasive and unorganized corruption† (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 299). Here, several police officers are involved but they do not have plans on how exactly they are to carry out such a corrupt act (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 299). The third and final level is an invasive and well thought-out corruption (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 299). Here, almost everybody is involved; at least within the precinct or the department the policemen belong to (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 299). The police officer usually begins by considering taking gratuities like meals/products/services for free which may result from peer pressure (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 300). Next to this stage, a police officer may consider accepting money to neglect regulatory wrongdoings (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 300). Unfortunately, a police officer may ‘develop’ into the final stage of corruption which involves accepting ‘gifts’, as well as, asking for it; he or she may now be on the lookout for a ‘kickback’ (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 300). Right Corruption Fascinatingly, not everything about â€Å"police corruption† is negative (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 300). There are instances wherein an act of corruption may be carried out to achieve a greater cause (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 300). Effects of Police Corruption However, it cannot be denied that there are countless negative effects of â€Å"police corruption† (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 300). Unfortunately, it weakens law implementation which leads to prevalent delinquent acts (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 300). It also eliminates self-respect not only for the police officer but for the entire department itself making it more impossible for discipline to be established within the organization (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 300). Furthermore, the society loses their hope that they may be protected against delinquent people and other threats which leads to non-belief in the whole criminal justice system itself (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 300). Causes of Police Corruption â€Å"Police corruption† exists because of the following: 1) It occurs because it is observable and thus can be learned/imitated; 2) It happens because the nature of their work allows them to carry out a ‘corrupt’ act they are sometimes tempted to do so because they have the power to do so and because they can earn a lot by doing so; 3) Police officers are not very well motivated by their work due to the following: inadequate pay, no room for growth, no extensive training, etcetera and so they tend to engage in â€Å"police corruption† (Ivkovic, 2005, pp. 63 -96). Addressing Police Corruption Fortunately, there are steps we can do to address this problem (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 300). Experts say that it is important to acknowledge first that â€Å"police corruption† is being experienced (Ivkovic, 2005, pp. 97 134). Second is to institute â€Å"internal affairs divisions† to watch and regulate police officers (Dempsey et. al., 2005, p. 300). Third is to motivate the police force so that they will love their jobs and would not engage in â€Å"police corruption†, for instance, they should be trained, rewarded/praised, provided with a good salary, as well as, promoted when necessary (Ivkovic, 2005, pp. 97 134).

FDA and Merck :: essays research papers

The FDA and Merck Vioxx Scandal   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the news recently, many different companies have been recognized for their unethical practices in their company and towards the public. One of these companies is the FDA and Merck. The FDA, the Federal Drug Administration, is one of the most trusted companies in the pharmaceutical market. This company tests different drugs and gives approval for them to be obtainable to the public. Merck is a company that creates these drugs and then has them tested by the FDA for approval. Some of the drugs that Merck has been known for are Singulair for asthma and seasonal allergic rhinitis, Fosamax for osteoporosis, Cozaar/Hyzaar for high blood pressure, Vioxx and Arcoxia for arthritis and pain, Cancidas for infections, Cosopt for glaucoma, Proscar for benign prostate enlargement, and Maxalt for migraines.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Recently, the FDA and Merck have been battling with many facilities and the public over the drug Vioxx. Vioxx was produced to help arthritis pain in patients. The FDA approved the drug that Merck produced and has been in the market for four years, and recently pulled off of it. Evidence is continuing to surface showing the FDA knowingly approved and promoted the drug, and refused to recall it after showing many health risks and deaths because of it. Evidence has also shown Merck trying to hide evidence of heart disease after the FDA has approved it.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  After the FDA and Merck has lied to the public and drawn out many health risks because of drugs that they have approved, it is difficult to come up with an idea that will restore the public’s trust towards both companies. The FDA which was already one of America’s most trusted companies in the medicine industry, has lost the faith that customers always had. To regain the trust of the public, the company could have different public announcements to explain the situation and what occurred with the Vioxx scandal.

President Obama Health Care Plan: ” What It All Mean for Us”

More than a week after President Obama signed the sweeping new health care law, which eventually provides insurance coverage for 32 million uninsured American, many of us are still scratching our head (Parker). What just happened? And how and when will we start feeling its effect? Effective this year, in six months, children with preexisting condition cannot be denied health care. In 2014, Medicaid will cover individual up to 133 percent of the poverty levels (Landau and Parker) also, in 2014, insurance companies will not be able to deny adults with preexisting conditions coverage or charge them higher premium.Some adult won’t likely qualify for Medicaid under the 2014 rules (4). More immediately however, they will benefit from the expansion of funding for community health center, which offer free and reduced-cost care. While the biggest change will not take effect until 2014 some important provision will begin as early as June, the question that everyone want to know is †Å"How soon will the new law help me† (Obama Plan). The answer depends on your age and reason for not having insurance.If you can’t afford or don’t qualify for insurance because of a preexisting Medicaid problem (1). You may be eligible for a new federal â€Å"High risk† pool to be offered by the end of June (2). The federal plan is expected to offer more affordable coverage than the existing state plan and will not impose the same income restriction as Medicaid (Obama Plan). The new plan will begin immediately to close the Medicare â€Å"donut hole†, by giving you 50 percent discount on brand-name prescription drug for senior who qualify.It will end insure practice of charging different premium or denying coverage based on gender, and will limit premium variation based on age. The new bill will provide new tax credit on a suding scale to individual and families that will limit how much of their income can be spent on premium. People with nongroup pl an may see increase, but more than half the enrollees in nongroup plan will qualify for federal subsidies, lowering cost for middle and moderate-income families on average by about 60 percent (Obama Plan 7 ).And also this year tax credit as high as 30 percent of premium will be available to many small businesses, which offer health coverage to employee. The President plan will also cap out-of pocket expanse and will prohibit insurance companies from imposing annual or lifetime caps on benefits payments. Under the new rule companies generally can’t rescind a policy for a minor application error. Many people look at this as a better law for health care.Better for all American families; like there are now no more worries about if you will be coverage because you don’t have insurance or if you worried about losing your job and now have no money to pay for your child Medicare bills. This plan will protect all that qualify for better health care. Although there are still peo ple that feel that this isn’t much and that feel we have went from a full plan with a small deductible and great prescription coverage to a plan now that is basically a high-deductible plan. But I feel that it’s a winner.

Essay E-Commerce and Vladimir Zwass - 2877 Words

E-Commerce E-Commerce is a shortened word which means Electronic-Commerce. Vladimir Zwass (2001) defines E-Commerce as the process of carrying out business transactions by the use of telecommunication networks. It involves sharing business information and maintaining business relationships. E- Commerce started as early as 1948 during the Berlin airlift in the form of electronic transmissions (Seideman, 1996). E-Commerce later developed into electronic data interchange (EDI) and in the 1960s, industries cooperated to produce common electronic data formats. These formats were however only used in purchasing, transportation and finance at the intra industry level transactions. National EDI standards were later developed in late 1970s and†¦show more content†¦It is claimed that e-commerce is more advanced in the USA than in Europe (Sagepub, 2011). Proper understanding of the key drivers of e-commerce will help in the comparisons of the different countries so as to create a concrete base of unequal advancement of e-commerce in the various regions. These drivers are the external factors affecting the e-commerce and are outlined as the PEST factors, standing for Political, Economical, Social and Technological factors. Political Factors The degree of advancement of e-commerce in a country is very much dependent on the government of the country. This involves the government’s support on e-commerce through creation of legislations, initiative and its support on the use and development of e-commerce. The political factors that drive e-commerce include; government incentives, legislations and policies Economical factors The use of e-commerce in a country depends on the wealth of a country. E-commerce requires expensive facilities which dictate or may limit poor countries to use it efficiently. The economic factors that drive e-commerce include; economic growth, average income of the citizens, cost of using telecommunication services and the cost of telecommunication facilities. Social factors Knowledge of the computer and the Information Technology is a major factor that enables buyers and sellers to efficiently use the e-commerce. This