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Free Essays on Henry Ossawa Tanner

Henry Ossawa Tanner was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania in 1859, to Sarah Miller Tanner and Benjamin Tucker Tanner. Henry is best known for his paintings of everyday African American life and for his from the bible. His most well known work is The Banjo Lesson painted in 1893, at the Hampton University Museum, in Hampton, Virginia. When he was 13 years old, Henry watched an artist at work and was fascinated by it. It was then that he decided to become an artist. He entered the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts in Philadelphia in 1879. He became the second black student to attend the school. Tanner traveled to Europe in 1891, where he spent a short time in London before settling in Paris, where he studied painting at the Acadà ©mie Julien. In the summer of 1893 Tanner returned to America to recuperate from typhoid fever, but he lived permanently in France after 1894. He submitted his painting Daniel in the Lions’ Den to the Paris Salon Exhibition of 1896 and received honorable mention, an honor no other American received that year. His religious works brought Tanner recognition in both France and America. Tanner was elected a chevalier of the Legion of Honor by the French government in 1923, and in 1927 he was elected a full member of the National Academy of Design in New York. In 1996 Tanner’s Sand Dunes at Sunset, Atlantic City was acquired for the art collection of the White House in Washington, D.C.; it was the first work by an African American painter to be chosen for this collection. Tanner’s work is appreciated by many including the government of the United States of America, which has a select number of works of his on display in the White House. He was appreciated in his lifetime and is certainly appreciated for his great contributions to American art for all of us. Henry Ossawa Tanner died in 1937.... Free Essays on Henry Ossawa Tanner Free Essays on Henry Ossawa Tanner Henry Ossawa Tanner was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania in 1859, to Sarah Miller Tanner and Benjamin Tucker Tanner. Henry is best known for his paintings of everyday African American life and for his from the bible. His most well known work is The Banjo Lesson painted in 1893, at the Hampton University Museum, in Hampton, Virginia. When he was 13 years old, Henry watched an artist at work and was fascinated by it. It was then that he decided to become an artist. He entered the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts in Philadelphia in 1879. He became the second black student to attend the school. Tanner traveled to Europe in 1891, where he spent a short time in London before settling in Paris, where he studied painting at the Acadà ©mie Julien. In the summer of 1893 Tanner returned to America to recuperate from typhoid fever, but he lived permanently in France after 1894. He submitted his painting Daniel in the Lions’ Den to the Paris Salon Exhibition of 1896 and received honorable mention, an honor no other American received that year. His religious works brought Tanner recognition in both France and America. Tanner was elected a chevalier of the Legion of Honor by the French government in 1923, and in 1927 he was elected a full member of the National Academy of Design in New York. In 1996 Tanner’s Sand Dunes at Sunset, Atlantic City was acquired for the art collection of the White House in Washington, D.C.; it was the first work by an African American painter to be chosen for this collection. Tanner’s work is appreciated by many including the government of the United States of America, which has a select number of works of his on display in the White House. He was appreciated in his lifetime and is certainly appreciated for his great contributions to American art for all of us. Henry Ossawa Tanner died in 1937....

EU LAW Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

EU LAW - Term Paper Example This implies that there was the evolution of certain relevant legal principles from a national level to conform with European Union laws and systems. The potential conflict led to the creation of the General Principles of European Union Law. The General Principles created a framework through which the new legal instruments of the common market could be streamlined and applied in all national jurisdictions (Tridimas, 2006). The General Principles include a set of concepts that guide the courts in the enforcement of European Union Laws (Schwarze, 2006). They are invoked to ensure that the potential tensions between EU law and local laws are minimized. More importantly, they are applied to ensure that the spirit of the European Union law is honoured in cases. They main concepts in the General Principles of EU Law include fundamental right, proportionality, certainty, equality and subsidiarity (Foster, 2011). Individuals can therefore request for review of their cases on the bases of these principles when they feel it is not fully honoured. Article 5 (3) of the EC Treaty states that â€Å"Any action by the Community shall not go beyond what is necessary to achieve the objectives of this treaty†. This implies that the interpretation of EU law should not be done such a way that people will incur disproportionate hardships. In R V Intervention Board ex parte Man (Sugar) Ltd1, a company was to incur over a million dollars in fines because their application for a permit delayed by a few hours. It was held that the fine could not be imposed on the company because of this principle. The European Union honours the principles of liberty, democracy, respect for human rights, fundamental freedoms and the rule of law amongst Member States (Article 6). This means that the fundamental rights of individuals must be respected in every case. Courts must be sensitive to the rights of humans in cases that are brought

The Performance Appraisal System For as President & CEO of A Nonprofit Research Paper

The Performance Appraisal System For as President & CEO of A Nonprofit - Research Paper Example The major responsibilities of CEO and President are abundant and challenging. They are liable for directing an organization through making appropriate decisions. They are in charge of developing strategies and plans which can ascertain and promote the organization’s overall mission and purposes. They delegate responsibilities to the team members and ensure that the organizational objectives are met. CEO and President of a non-profit organization closely perform with other top executives to implement policies, systems, and other internal control mechanisms in order to enhance the operational procedures. Their other responsibilities comprise the recognition of opportunities for national and global expansion of organizational activities. They ensure that the organization is performing according to the set organizational objectives. CEO and President help to establish certain standards as well as measures in order to effectively utilize the organizational resources. Performance ap praisal plays the vital role in the overall management of performance of a non-profit organization. It serves two major objectives for a non-profit organization  it enhances the productivity by helping individuals to realize their complete potentials in order to undertake organizational mission and objectives and secondly, it provides information to the management for making work based decisions. Performance appraisal system is required in an organization as it not only assesses the performance but also helps to motivate the individuals.

Information Structure Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Information Structure - Essay Example Generally, syntax is the main core of syntactocentric conception and the pragmatics and semantics (information structure) are considered to be the derivatives of syntax. On the other hand, the parallel architecture theory of the place of information structure in grammar structure contrasts the arguments of syntacto-centric conception by suggesting that there is no dominant component but a series of interacting components and the interactions are not necessarily mediated through the syntactic components. However, although the theory of Syntactocentric architecture is largely premised on the belief that information structure including the relations between meaning and sound often arises from the mapping of various syntactic structures into phonetic form, recent theoretical developments have revealed that phonological structures have their limitations and their combinations cannot be merely reduced to syntactic terms. As a result, parallel architecture currently seems to be the most appropriate theory that can be used to explain the Place of information structure in grammar structure. One of the most commonly used parallel architecture approaches known as the role reference grammar (RRG) particularly posits that one single synactic representation of a sentence normally corresponds to the actual structure of a sentence.

Japanese Asset Price Bubble

Japanese Asset Price Bubble Introduction A financial crisis is said to happen when an asset loses a huge part of its face value. This can prompt to an extensive variety of hostile outcomes such as currency crashes, fall in output and as worse as sovereign defaults. Such striking emergencies have been happening since fourth century BC and have proceeded on various scales and levels. Among various crises, the Japanese asset price bubble was one of the greatest financial bubbles in history with incredibly increased stock and real estate prices. It is believed that the Japanese possess an ability to develop what they receive from the Americans. Unfortunately, the Japanese have taken up on crashes as well and made theirs much bigger than that of America. This price bubble broke down in early 1992. The bubble was characterized by rapid increase of asset prices and overheated monetary movement, and additionally an uncontrolled cash supply and credit expansion. All the more particularly, over-confidence and conjecture regarding asset and stock prices had been closely connected with extreme monetary easing policy at that time. By August 1990, the Nikkei stock index had plunged to a large portion of its crest by the time of the fifth monetary tightening by the Bank of Japan. By late 1991, prices of asset started to decline. Despite the fact that asset prices had clearly collapsed by mid 1992, the economys decline proceeded for over 10 years. This decline brought about an enormous aggregation of non-performing assets loans (NPL), bringing on challenges for various financial institutions. The bursting of the Japanese asset price bubble added to what many call the Lost Decade. Main Causes That Led To The Crisis Japans exceptionally traditional society faced substantial changes after they were defeated in the Second World War due, to a limited extent, to the Westernizing impacts of the possessing Allied Forces (Molasky, 1999). Post World War 2, Japans booming export economy and strict fiscal strategies that were intended to encourage household savings brought about a cash surplus in the nations banking framework that in the long run prompted to more lenient lending. The nations solid exchange surpluses and the Plaza Accord in 1985, which sought to debilitate the U.S. dollar against the Yen and German Deutsche Mark, made the Yen currency to appreciate against different currencies, which thus made foreign capital investments comparatively modest for Japanese organizations. The blend of abundance liquidity in the banking system, financial deregulation and the nations export miracle inevitably prompted to overconfidence and over extravagance in Japans economy, which turned into the second biggest economy on the planet after the USA in only a couple of decades. Banks began to take extreme risks that were partly funded by 186 trillion worth of Yen acquired from different capital markets. The Japanese stock price index started to ascend in the early 1980s and kept on ascending to more than five circumstances the 1980 level. Then, from 1990 it started a long stretch of decline with medium-term variations. From 1985 to 1989, Japan saw an increase in Nikkei stock index to 39,000, which was three times of the 1985 level and accounted for more than one third of the worlds stock market capitalization (Economist, 2011). The Japanese land saw similar price movements however with little amplitude. The average land price witnessed an increase an increase that was double the previous price. One year later, in 1991, the land price began to decline. There were various events that are considered responsible for causing the asset price bubble in Japan. Fukao (2001) and Kamigawa (2001) both consider financial deregulation as one of the major factors responsible in creating a favourable environment for a land price bubble, allowing firms to borrow severely in order to invest in commercial real estate, golf courses, private land and golf club memberships for households. The increasing growth in terms of Japanese asset prices is firmly linked with a noteworthy fall in short-term interest rates, between 1986 and 1987. The Bank of Japan had dropped the official discount rate from 5.00% to 2.50%. The official discount rate stayed unaltered until May 30, 1989. Post 1991, the land showed a decline and kept on falling till mid 1998, triggering the quality of loans to the real estate industry to worsen significantly. Besides, collateral value declined as before 1991, borrowers could acquire up to 90% of their land security, which dropped to half from 1991 to 1998, leaving 40% of such credits revealed. Loans to industries with land as their collateral became non-performing, leading to the bad-loan problem of Japanese banks (Hoshi 2001). The value of problem debt was recalculated by Financial Supervisory Agency (FSA) as 123 trillion yen (Lincoln 1998), raising the ratio of bad debt to GDP to 25 percent. Impact of Japanese Asset Price Bubble The years from 1991 to 2000 are referred to as the Lost 10 Years or the Lost Decade in which the Japanese asset price bubble collapsed within its economy. The explosion of the Japanese Asset Price Bubble activated materialization of adverse effects, which made the structural adjustment further arduous, thereby leading to a downward move in growth trend in the 1990s. This further reduced the asset price beyond the boom-bust cycle. It took longer to recover from the impact of these events because the new conditions imposed by the new environment were not favourable to the Japanese management style at that time. In this incident, the economy undesirably failed to resuscitate. Although, in the beginning there was a recovery in spending due to the instantaneous impact of the consumption tax hike wore off. Unfortunately, in late 1997 output toppled again and remained to fall all along the whole year of 1998. Japan had experienced the worst recession due to this downturn. After the consumption tax hike in 1997, the unexpected shock led to a terrible reduction in household spending. Also, in the later part of the year, weakness was aggravated due to the financial factors which consisted of several failures of the large firms as well as the failure of the major banks. Moreover, the increased in crisis in emerging markets of Asia disable external demand which led to additional blow to confidence. Even though there was a shift towards macroeconomic policies yet recession perpetuated 1998. In the beginning of the 1999, the interest rates were taken down to nearly zero and consistent amount of fiscal stimulus embossed fiscal deficit of general government to about 10 percentage of GDP. At last, in 1999 the economy again started to recoup. The turnaround was started by a blast of open venture spending ahead of schedule in the year and recuperation of buyer confidence as compelling activity by the government to manage feeble banks and infuse public capital into the banking system mitigated fears of financial crisis. Nonetheless, a rapid increase in the yen from its low point in mid-1998, connected to a limited extent to external improvements and in addition enhancing sentiment about the Japanese economy, has raised worries about the effect on the still delicate recuperation and prompted to calls for further facilitating of monetary policy even though short-term interest rates are a s of now practically at zero. Furthermore, a wide scale of Japanese economy is until now recuperating from the effects of the 1991 collapse. Japan also lacked in terms of producing a significant level of output per capita. In 1991, Japan had a higher percentage than Australia in real output per capita but unfortunately in 2011 Japan was overpowered by Australia. Japan was a global leader in gross output as well as labour efficiency. However, in a period of 20 years, Japan was overtaken in both the areas. Moreover, it costed them 12 excruciating years for Japans economy to revive back to its original level as was in 1995. Policy Response to The Crisis Initially the Ministry of Finance of Japan implemented a policy that aimed at safeguarding the weak banks through regulatory forbearance as well as other forms of monetary support while buying time for an anticipated revival of the economy and asset prices. The very first bank failure to take place in the post war period in Japan was the crash of Toho Sogo Bank in 1991. This was followed by collapse of other small financial institutions in 1995-1996. However, in those years, the government shelled out JPY 680 billion to help the jusen and non-banking housing loan companies to recover. This policy came under a lot of criticism as it aimed at aiding only the nonbanking financial institutions. In the June of 1996, the Deposit Insurance law was amended to bolster the deposit insurance system that consisted of a brief suspension of limits on deposit protection which was initially till March 2001 but was later extended to 2002 after which it was further prolonged till March 2005. The amendment of the Deposit Insurance Law also led to an increment in the insurance premium from 0.012% to around 0.84% on all deposits that were outstanding. This was primarily done to manage the problems of credit cooperatives instead of the major banks. In the December of 1997, the government declared that up to JPY 30 trillion of public funds will be made accessible to the Deposit Insurance Corporation of Japan (DICJ) by 1998 March. This consisted of JPY 13 trillion to revitalize the bank balance sheets while JPY 17 trillion were to boost the deposit insurance system. The funds were increased to a total of JPY 60 trillion which was higher than 12% of the countrys GDP to assist the banks in 1998 October. In March 1998, 21 prime banks were rendered with JPY 1.8 trillion to help them meet the requisite capital adequacy standards. Regardless, the government interceded to aid two major banks namely Nippon Credit bank and the Long-Term Credit Bank of Japan which had to be provisionally nationalized in October 1998 as they faced difficulty in managing their loan portfolio post the bubble period. However, JPY 1.8 trillion was not sufficient to completely revive the ailing banking system. Thus, the government injected JPY 7.5 trillion more funds into 15 banks by the March of 1999. By the April of 1999, the banking system experienced a little stability for the first time after the lost decade and the Japan Premium reduced considerably. An authorized inspection manual was released by the Financial Regulatory Authority which enforced the banks to endorse stricter asset classification of NPLs. The Bank of Japan decided to implement a zero-interest rate policy (ZIRP), after nearly two decades of stagnant growth rate, to tackle the deflation and boost up the economy. ZIRP is a technique to keep the interest rate close to zero while at the same time triggering economic growth. The Central Bank, under this policy, cannot reduce interest rates anymore thus leaving the traditional monetary policy futile. Thus, the unconventional monetary policy like quantitative easing is used effectively to expand the monetary base. In 1991, the consumption and investment looked promising. The GDP growth rate was up by 3% while the interest rates were secure at 6%. However, after the tumbling of the stock prices in 1992, the Japanese economy experienced stagnation. The Consumer Price Index, a standard to measure inflation rate, fell from 2% to 0% by 1995, at the same time the period interest rates plunged to 0%. Therefore, the ZIRP was unable to revive the economy from deflation and stagnation hence leading japan into a liquidity trap. Despite the unsuccessful run of the ZIRP, this policy is still used in Japan till date. Lessons Learnt and What Could Have Been Done Differently The after math of the crisis led to the zombie decade. An era in the Japanese economy that took years to overcome once the bubble burst. There were many lessons that could be learnt from the collapse of the bubble. These can be classified into two categories. The first one being the lessons that were learnt towards the prevention of the bubble and the second being the lessons learnt from the handling of the bubble. This section will analyse the ramification the bubble had and how such an incident could be avoided in the future. It is always important to gauge the sustainability of economic and financial systems while assessing economic risks. During the bubble period, there was no stress testing when it came to the banking system. This can be seen through the analytical value of risk (VaR) done by Shimizi and Shiratsuka (2000) to predict the magnitude of non-performing assets in the Japanese banking system. It is essential for banks and central banks to perform stress tests to prevent further collapses through the formation of bubbles. Although it is necessary for banks to restructure their debt, it is essential to note that if zombie firms stick around in the market, the shrinkage of the businesses will be lasting. Caballero, Hoshi and Kashyap (2008). The central banks can act pre-emptively when it comes to matters of potential inflationary pressure Bernanke and Gertler (1999). There was an excessive amount of inflationary pressure that existed in the Japanese economy. Taylor (1993) gave the rule, named the Taylor rule as a guide post for central banks to deal with asset price fluctuations. According to the Taylor Rule, the operational target levels of interest rates must be set based on the divergence of the output gap and the inflation rate when held at equilibrium. During the end of the bubble there was an upswing in the money supply and credit and not much attention was given to it. This is an indicator to signal an increase in interest rates; which the Bank of Japan did not pay heed to. Therefore, it is significant to pay close attention to the conduct of the monetary policy in avoiding unpleasantness in the economy. There was a lack of regulation in the part of the government in managing credit risk products. To gauge the extent of a banking crisis, the total amount of loan losses should be aggregated at the earliest. This gives the agencies and policy makers an idea about the extent of the crisis and act accordingly. Fuji and Kawai(2010) suggested that once the value of NPLs has been gauged, recapitalization should be done at a faster rate than it was conducted in Japan. According to Caballero, Hoshi and Kashyap (2008), theoretically, this is possible, but practically it takes longer and most of the publicly funded recapitalization programs need parliamentary/senate approval so at times it is too late as the market developments outpace the recapitalization process. Steps Taken to Prevent Similar Crisis There has been various crises after the crisis in Japan, but the lessons learnt here have been implemented across the world to mitigate the effect of crisis or to prevent them to some extent. Krugman (1998) said that the Japanese Asset Bubble Crisis was like a full dress rehearsal or a blue print for prevention and handling of further crisis. He was right in saying so. The policies and the measures taken were mirrored and implemented across the world, most notably in Sweden, Germany, USA, and England. IMF also departed from its austerity stance for an expansionary fiscal and monetary policy. The European Central Bank implemented a series of Quantitative Easing programs. In Sweden, the vice president of the Swedish Central Bank, Riksbank implemented one of the most expansionary monetary policies as a counter to the crisis in the US. The interest rates were dropped from 4.5% to 0.25%. Currently, they are negative, which could be considered as a repercussion of the policy implemented. The quick and unconventional response aided the economy during the time of crisis. Elmer, Nessen, Guibourg, and Kjelleberg(2012) The US and Japan, both have a negative feedback loop when it comes to the economy. Although the economic conditions across the globe were different when both the crisis are compared, but it almost seemed like dà ©jà   vu, when it came to dealing with the crisis. Both countries had taken similar measures, although the US was quicker in implementing it. The USA adopted the policy of public capital injections quicker, thus preventing the crisis from becoming deeper and more severe. On the monetary policy front, the US had been more aggressive in lowering rates. Shirakawa (2008). In 2015, European Central Bank President Mario Draghi implemented quantitative easing. This was done to revitalise the EU economy, wake it up from the slump it was undergoing, to stimulate the depreciating Euro and counter deflation. Although it had many critics, it has been successful and has helped in preventing a full-blown crisis. Conclusion The research study of the crisis suggests that the government of Japan failed in handling the banking sector issues in 1990s in a timely and critical manner since the crisis developed slowly and the gravity of the matter was underestimated. The government had a positive prediction for the growth while no domestic or external pressure prevailed during that time as well as there was a lack of a systematic legal framework to aid ailing banks. However, post the crisis, the authorities became more assertive in dealing with the problems. Several policies were introduced by the government to help revive the economy. They also implemented an extensive legal framework for bank resolution to help the distressed banks. Essentially, deterioration of the real economy can lead to another round of financial crisis, which can further damage the real economy. If the authorities do not address the banking sector problem promptly, then the crisis may prolong, and a full-fledged economic recovery will be significantly delayed. This could result in a lost decade for the economy. References Fujii, K., Fujii, M. and Kawai, M. (2010) ADBI working paper 222 Asian development bank institute. Available at: https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/156077/adbi-wp222.pdf (Accessed: 19 February 2017). Fund, I.M. (2000) Post-bubble blueshow Japan responded to asset price collapse. Available at: https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/nft/2000/bubble/ (Accessed: 19 February 2017). Nath, T. (2015) What is Zero interest-rate policy (ZIRP)?, in Available at: http://www.investopedia.com/articles/investing/031815/what-zero-interestrate-policy-zirp.asp (Accessed: 19 February 2017). Bubble burst (no date) Available at: http://www.grips.ac.jp/teacher/oono/hp/lecture_J/lec13.htm (Accessed: 19 February 2017). compuirv (2017) The Japanese deflation myth à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ inflation matters. Available at: http://inflationmatters.com/japanese-deflation-myth/ (Accessed: 19 February 2017). JAPANS BUBBLE ECONOMY (1992) Available at: http://www.sjsu.edu/faculty/watkins/bubble.htm (Accessed: 19 February 2017). Japans bubble economy of the 1980s (2017) Available at: http://www.thebubblebubble.com/japan-bubble/ (Accessed: 19 February 2017). Revolvy, L. (no date) Japanese asset price bubble on Revolvy.Com. Available at: https://www.revolvy.com/main/index.php?s=Japanese%20asset%20price%20bubbleitem_type=topic (Accessed: 19 February 2017). The causes of the Japanese lost decade: An extension of graduate thesis (no date) Available at: http://daigakuin.soka.ac.jp/assets/files/pdf/major/kiyou/16_keizai3.pdf (Accessed: 19 February 2017).

Essay --

If there were a way to make a better race, a better society, or economy wouldn't you take the chance? A new turn in science has occurred that could lead to the change of the people of the world. Genetic Engineering is the process of using technology to change the genetic makeup of cells. Parents now have the power of modifying the unborn children to select traits they think is appropriate for their child. If you could change your child in hope to stop the stroll of disease going into its genes wouldn't you? The rapid advancement in technology makes designer babies a real possibility to society. By being able to rearrange traits in your unborn children could lead to endless useful opportunities. By selecting and taking out genes for your child it can cease the chances of your child having genetic diseases such as down syndrome.This both saves children from suffering and reduces the cost and emotional strain of looking after a sick child. In the article â€Å"Are Designer Babies Ethical?† by CBS News it stated that a survey suggested most people support building a better baby when it comes ...

Drama and Theater Essay

What is drama? What are the similarities and differences between Greek Drama, Renaissance Drama, Kabuki Drama, and Contemporary Drama? Drama is tension. In the context of a play in a theatre, tension often means that the audience is expecting something to happen between the characters on stage. Will they shoot each other? Will they finally confess their undying love for one another? Drama derived from the Greek verb dran, meaning â€Å" to act† or â€Å"to do†, refers to actions or deeds as they are performed in a theatrical setting for the benefit of a body of spectators. Drama is often combined with music and dance: the drama in opera is sung throughout; musicals include spoken dialogue and songs; and some forms of drama have regular musical accompaniment (Banham, 1998). Drama was the crowning glory of the Athenian Age. This period has been called by different terms. It has been called the Age of Pericles because Pericles was the ruling power in Athens at the time. It has been also called the Athenian Age because Athens became the white-hot literary center of Greece, and it has been called the Golden Age because the drama flourished during this period. There were three great tragic writers: Aeschylus, Sophocles, Euripides, and Aristophanes, the greatest writer of comedy the world has ever produced ( Serrano & Lapid, 1987, p. 26) Drama and Theater The theatre of ancient Greece, or ancient Greek drama, is a theatrical culture that flourished in ancient Greece between c. 550 and c. 220 BCE. It is true that there is much in human nature that loves dramatic presentation, for man loves to imitate other persons. Gestures by a narrator or an orator may be considered dramatic, but these are only disjointed actions; there is a wide step between this and dramatic actions. The Greeks gave the drama as a literary form to the world. The drama of antiquity is very different from the drama as we now know it. It had dignity, nobility, and power. It had little of the spontaneity and easy naturalness of modern plays. The Greek drama was cut up into situations or episodes, and between these episodes were choral recitations of great length. These choral recitations, though they had beauty and power, slowed the action and interrupted the forward movement of the story. The choruses however, were visually attractive. The participants, competed with each other in the splendor of their dresses and the excellence of their singing and dancing (Serrano and Lapid, 1987, p. 26-27). Some example of the Greek drama were the Story of Agamemnon and Clytemnestra , by Aeschylus and The story of Oedipus The King by Sophocles (p. 28). Primary in a true appreciation of Renaissance drama is the poetry. The theatre of their day was a poetical one. Rather than being confused by the poetry we find in these plays, we need to understand why the poetical theatre was, and is, superior in expression and more powerful in emotion than a realistic one. Their stage was â€Å"conventional†or poetical while today’s stage is realistic. As an example, in Shakespeare’s Timon of Athens Timon is disgusted with mankind, hating all of the supposedly â€Å"decent† people he knows. When confronted by thieves he tells them to go about their work merrily; everyone steals, and he offers examples of thievery: I’ll example you with thievery: The sun’s a thief, and with his great attraction Robs the vast sea; the moon’s an arrant thief, And her pale fire she snatches from the sun; The sea’s a thief, whose liquid surge resolves The moon into salt tears; the earth’s a thief, That feeds and breeds by a composture stol’n From gen’ral excrement; each things’s a thief. (Timon of Athens 4. 3. 438-45). Kabuki, like other traditional forms of drama in Japan as well as in other cultures around the world, was (and sometimes still is) performed in full-day programs. Rather than attending a single play for 2–5 hours, as one might do in a modern Western-style theater, one would â€Å"escape† from the day-to-day world, devoting a full day to entertainment in the theater district. Though some plays, particularly the historical jidaimono, might go on for an entire day, most plays were shorter and would be arranged, in full or in part, alongside other plays in order to produce a full-day program. This was because it was required in kabuki play to get the audience showing different preference that is in either the history plays or domestic plays like a drama, to enjoy during the full-day program. Contemporary Drama was never very popular after World War I, drama in a realist style continued to dominate the commercial theatre, especially in the United States. Even there, however, psychological realism seemed to be the goal, and nonrealistic scenic and dramatic devices were employed to achieve this end. The plays of Arthur Miller and Tennessee Williams, for instance, use memory scenes, dream sequences, purely symbolic characters, projections, and the like. Even O’Neill’s later works-ostensibly realistic plays such as Long Day’s Journey into Night (produced 1956)-incorporate poetic dialogue and a carefully orchestrated background of sounds to soften the hard-edged realism. Scenery was almost always suggestive rather than realistic. European drama was not much influenced by psychological realism but was more concerned with plays of ideas, as evidenced in the works of the Italian dramatist Luigi Pirandello, the French playwrights Jean Anouilh and Jean Giraudoux, and the Belgian playwright Michel de Ghelderode. In England in the 1950s John Osborne’s Look Back in Anger (1956) became a rallying point for the postwar â€Å"angry young men†; a Vietnam trilogy of the early 1970s, by the American playwright David Rabe, expressed the anger and frustration of many towards the war in Vietnam. Under he influence of Brecht, many postwar German playwrights wrote documentary dramas that, based on historical incidents, explored the moral obligations of individuals to themselves and to society. An example is The Deputy (1963), by Rolf Hochhuth, which deals with Pope Pius XII’s silence during World War II. The contemporary drama does not purport to be easy; it insists on a greater understanding of all things pertinent to modern humanity and its relationships to religion, societal order, psychology in order to appreciate its message; however, it critically acknowledges that most of us remain ignorant to all the former. Thus, the drama instructs, irritates, challenges, and begs for intelligence in order to gain from its message. It remains didactic, combined with pleasure, but always wishing to challenge the current notions of authority. References http://www. clt. astate. edu/wnarey/modern_contemporary_drama. htm Banham, Martin, (1998 ed. ). The Cambridge Guide to Theatre. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521434378. Serrano, Josephine and Lapid, Milagros, (1987). English Communication Arts and Skills Through World Literature. Phoenix Publishing House, Inc.

about dreams essays

about dreams essays The subconscious is usually the right side of the brain or the opposite side of the persons writing hand. Within the subconscious lie different types of things such as suppressed emotions, creativity, and basic human instinct (Ullman and Zimmerman 1979). The conscious part of the mind works when people are awake and is the part of the mind that handles things that people can understand. No one truly knows why a person can't interact with the subconscious while awake, however studies show that dreams are a way in which people can better comprehend its behavior. The condition of the body during dreaming is interesting because the brain shuts off all sensory receptors thus, canceling all somatic impulses (Ullman and Zimmerman 1979). This puts the body in an almost paraplegic state. The brain however continues to control all autonomic functions such as blood flow, heart pulsation, and lung inflation. During the sleep, homeostasis will fluctuate because sleep occurs on four stages (Davidm ann, 1998). The individual goes from awake to stage 1, then to 2, 3, and finally 4, the deepest stage of sleep. After spending about twenty minutes in stage 4, they return to stage 1 and progress back to stage 4. The individual will continue to make these cycles throughout their sleep. Most individuals will experience about 4 to 5 cycles a night (Davidmann, 1998). This is why humans are more apt to wake up at specific times in the night and not sporadically (most people do not notice this however). During stage 1 the individual will experience what has been named REM (Rapid Eye Movement), I will make further elaboration on REM momentarily. For now I would like to point out that during REM the body will show more signs of consciousness by spontaneous muscle contractions, flagellate excretion, and oculomoter coordination (eye movement). The body will experience these tensions and reactions because this is the active time of sleep in the average human (Dav ...

ESL Lesson Plan to Teach the Future Tenses Going to and Will

ESL Lesson Plan to Teach the Future Tenses Going to and Will Making the choice to use will or going to is difficult for many ESL students. This lesson focuses on providing context for students so that they can understand the basic difference between something that is planned for the future (use of going to) and a spontaneous decision (use of will). Students first study a short dialog and answer some questions. After this, students give answers to a number of questions which elicit either will or going to. Finally, students get together for some small talk to practice. ESL Lesson Plan Aim: Developing a deeper understanding of the use of the future with will and going toActivity: Dialog reading, follow-up questions, small talkLevel: lower-intermediate to intermediate Outline: Start the lesson by asking some questions with will and going to. Be sure to mix the questions up. For example:​Â  What do you think will happen at school tomorrow?, What are you going to do after school today?, What will you do if you dont understand this lesson?, Where are you going to travel on your next vacation?Ask students to reflect on the questions you asked. Which forms did you use? Can they explain why?Pass out the dialog and ask the students to read through and answer the questions.As a group, correct the questions and ask students to explain why certain questions used will and others going to. A further possibility is to ask students to highlight the sections of the dialog that used will and those that used going to. Ask them to explain why.Have students write out answers to the question sheet. Go around the room to help individual students and check that students are answering using the correct form.As a class, elicit answers from various students. When appropria te, ask students to elaborate on their answers in order to give them a further chance to use these forms. Ask students to use the small talk questions with each other in pairs or in small groups. Optional homework:Â  Ask students to prepare a short paragraph on their future plans for study, hobbies, marriage, etc. (Use of going to). Ask them to write out a few predictions about the future of their lives, the country, the current political party, etc. (future with will) Dialogue Exercise 1: The Party Martha: What horrible weather today. Id love to go out, but I think it will just continue raining.Jane: Oh, I dont know. Perhaps the sun will come out later this afternoon.Martha: I hope youre right. Listen, Im going to have a party this Saturday. Would you like to come?Jane: Oh, Id love to come. Thank you for inviting me. Whos going to come to the party?Martha: Well, a number of people havent told me yet. But, Peter and Mark are going to help out with the cooking!Jane: Hey, Ill help, too!Martha: Would you? That would be great!Jane: Ill make lasagna!Martha: That sounds delicious! I know my Italian cousins are going to be there. Im sure theyll love it.Jane: Italians? Maybe Ill bake a cake...Martha: No, no. Theyre not like that. Theyll love it.Jane: Well, if you say so... Is there going be a theme for the party?Martha: No, I dont think so. Just a chance to get together and have fun.Jane: Im sure itll be lots of fun.Martha: But Im going to hire a clown!Jane: A clown! Youre kidding me. Martha: No, no. As I child, I always wanted a clown. Now, Im going to have a clown at my own party.Jane: Im sure everyone will have a good laugh.Martha: Thats the plan! Follow-Up Questions What do they think about the weather?What does Martha have to share?What are Peter and Mark going to do?What does Jane offer to do?How does Jane react to the news about the Italian cousins?What special plan is there?Why does Martha want a clown?Does Martha know exactly how many people are going to come? If yes, how many. If not, why not?How does Jane think people will react to the clown?Is there a theme for the party? Dialogue Exercise 2: Questions Tell me about your future plans for work or study.What important event do you think will happen soon?Your friend needs some help with some homework. What do you say?Tell me about your plans for this coming summer.Complete this sentence: If I dont understand this exercise ...What do you think future English lessons will be about?

Hospice and Palliative Care Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 6

Hospice and Palliative Care - Essay Example According to the discussion the data was collected, taking into consideration what would be applicable for the client ´s care in a delicate manner. It was collected at the Hospice of Central Ohio and at the Palliative Care of Central Ohio. The information was gathered from the centers. The objectives of these organizations are to work closely with the death processes and all of those involved with it. The target audience is everyone that is involved with the dying processes.From this paper it is clear that the services rendered by these organizations are covered by Medicaid and Medicare benefits and most of them provide insurance. These two organizations are non-profit organizations. These services are related to the course because they provides help and they want to improve the society by informing it of death issues, services and ways in which they are able to assist their dying loved one and ways in which they are able to overcome the death loss. The strengths of these organizat ions are that they provide support to the client and their families, such as, how to cope with illnesses. They also ensure that the clients and their famillies are receiving the best possible care. The possible weaknesses are that they may not be available during their entire grieving process. They may, however, be referred to other specialists that may help them for a longer period of time.  On an overall basis, the assessment of these services are positive. There are 200 trained volunteers.  

Initial Site Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Initial Site Plan - Essay Example Initial Site Plan The about us webpage will provide information specific to church and all the staff information with their email link. It is important aspect to think about interested newcomers children. This section will provide information related to kids programs such as Pre-School, Elementary, and Grade Classes, and family lodges. It is important to provide a separate section for website users so that they can easily contact. This webpage will provide contact form to website users. In addition, phone number and fax will be available in this page so that interested newcomers get answer for their queries instantly. For navigation, website user can use navigation links provided on the left of the website. Using these navigation links, the user can move from any page to any page. The link for the home page will be included in all pages so that user can return to the home page from any page. Background color (table) selected is dark red that will be selected (displayed) through graphic image. In addition, whole pages (where content will be not displayed) background color selected is Sandy Brown. The text colors are yellow (body text) and salt gray (footer, etc). The visual design elements selected complement each other. Cascading Style Sheet (CSS) will be used for consistent look across all WebPages. The main content will come from daily to daily-church activities (news, events, etc). The other content such as contact us, what to expect, kids program, and contact us that will probably not change frequently will be made after discussion with staff members of the Syracuse Vineyard Church.